Mecanismos fisiológicos e bioquímicos da cana-de-açúcar sob estresses induzidos por deficiência hídrica e paraquat
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Data
2013-03-27
Autores
Santos, Claudiana Moura dos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cana-de-açúcar é uma cultura de grande importância econômica no mundo. No Brasil, sua expansão tem sido impulsionada para novas áreas agrícolas não tradicionais que apresentam deficiência hídrica. Estudos que visam à seleção de cultivares que apresentem tolerância aos estresses ambientais se constituem numa alternativa viável para aumentar a produtividade nessas regiões. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar de maneira comparativa as respostas fisiológicas e bioquímicas em cana-de-açúcar cultivada sob deficiência hídrica bem como analisar os efeitos fisiológicos do herbicida Paraquat, visando constituir uma alternativa para caracterizar cultivares tolerantes em programas de melhoramento genético da cana-de-açúcar. Para isso, experimentos foram conduzidos em vasos em casa de vegetação e no laboratório da Unidade de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento da APTA em Jaú (SP). Foram utilizadas quatro cultivares de cana-de-açúcar RB92579, SP81-3250, SP83-2847 e IAC91-5155 em cada experimento. Para o estudo de deficiência hídrica, a primeira avaliação foi realizada nas plantas sem estresse após 85 dias do plantio, em seguida foram implementados dois tratamentos, sem deficiência (-D) e com deficiência (+D) por suspensão da rega por 15 dias e posterior reidratação por 12 dias. Para os estudos com herbicida Paraquat (PQ) um segundo experimento foi instalado dividido em duas partes. Na primeira, foi pulverizado Paraquat, na dose de 150 μM, 24 horas antes das avaliações em plantas conduzidas simultaneamente ao experimento de deficiência hídrica. Na segunda parte, segmentos foliares das cultivares foram cortados em discos e imersos em solução de Paraquat em placas de Petri e analisados quanto à degradação de clorofila. Todos os experimentos foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em...
Sugarcane is one of the most economically important crops used in the production of sugar and of bioethanol. In Brazil, this plant has been introduced to non-traditional agricultural areas, with adverse agro-climatic conditions where water deficit is highlighted. Studies aimed at selecting drought-tolerant cultivars are a viable alternative to increase the productivity of these regions. The main goal of this research includes to study comparatively the physiological and biochemical responses in sugarcane under drought stress and recovering as well as analyzing the physiological effects induced by the herbicide paraquat, aiming to establish a scoring system for selecting sugarcane drought tolerant cultivars in breeding programs. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse located in the Unit of Research and Development of APTA, Jaú, SP., where the cultivars RB92579, SP81-3250, SP83-2847 and IAC91-5155 were grown in pots and used for each set of experiments. For the study of water stress, the first assessment was done in plants without stress after 85 days of planting, and after that two treatments were implemented, i.e. without water deficit (-D) and with water deficit (+D) by withholding in the water supply for 15 days and rewatering for 12 days after the stress period. For the study of paraquat (PQ), another set of experiments were carried out simultaneously to the water stress experiments. Two different experimental methods were used for spraying the PQ solution (150 μM). In the first one, the PQ solution was sprayed onto leaves of the sugarcane plants and the assessments took place 24 hours after spraying. In the second experiment, leaf disks were floated in PQ solutions for 24 hours for analyzing chlorophyll degradation. All experimental designs were completely randomized in 4x2 factorial scheme (four sugarcane... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Sugarcane is one of the most economically important crops used in the production of sugar and of bioethanol. In Brazil, this plant has been introduced to non-traditional agricultural areas, with adverse agro-climatic conditions where water deficit is highlighted. Studies aimed at selecting drought-tolerant cultivars are a viable alternative to increase the productivity of these regions. The main goal of this research includes to study comparatively the physiological and biochemical responses in sugarcane under drought stress and recovering as well as analyzing the physiological effects induced by the herbicide paraquat, aiming to establish a scoring system for selecting sugarcane drought tolerant cultivars in breeding programs. The experiments were carried out in a greenhouse located in the Unit of Research and Development of APTA, Jaú, SP., where the cultivars RB92579, SP81-3250, SP83-2847 and IAC91-5155 were grown in pots and used for each set of experiments. For the study of water stress, the first assessment was done in plants without stress after 85 days of planting, and after that two treatments were implemented, i.e. without water deficit (-D) and with water deficit (+D) by withholding in the water supply for 15 days and rewatering for 12 days after the stress period. For the study of paraquat (PQ), another set of experiments were carried out simultaneously to the water stress experiments. Two different experimental methods were used for spraying the PQ solution (150 μM). In the first one, the PQ solution was sprayed onto leaves of the sugarcane plants and the assessments took place 24 hours after spraying. In the second experiment, leaf disks were floated in PQ solutions for 24 hours for analyzing chlorophyll degradation. All experimental designs were completely randomized in 4x2 factorial scheme (four sugarcane... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Paraquat, Cana-de-açúcar, Plantas - Efeito da seca, Cana-de-açúcar - Efeito do stress, Plantas - Resistencia a seca, Plantas - Resistência a herbicidas, Stress oxidativo, Sugar-cane
Como citar
SANTOS, Claudiana Moura dos. Mecanismos fisiológicos e bioquímicos da cana-de-açúcar sob estresses induzidos por deficiência hídrica e paraquat. 2013. xiii, 93 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2013.