Utilização de carboidratos digestíveis em dietas para pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887)
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Data
2005-03-09
Autores
Muñoz Ramírez, Adriana Patrícia [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O valor nutricional dos vários tipos de carboidratos parece estar relacionado com sua complexidade. A utilização quantitativa e qualitativa de sete diferentes fontes de carboidratos (amido de milho regular, amido de milho ceroso, amido de milho regular pré-gelatinizado e modificado, fécula de mandioca modificada e pré-gelatinizada, dextrina, maltodextrina e glicose-dextrose) em dietas para o pacu foi estudada, para verificar o efeito sobre o desempenho, eficiência nutricional, metabolismo energético e atividade amilásica no trato gastrintestinal. Num ensaio de digestibilidade foram estudadas sete fontes de carboidratos em dois níveis de inclusão (20 e 40%). Utilizaram-se 14 dietas semipurificadas isoprotéicas contendo farinha de peixe, carboximetil celulose, celulose microfina, óleo de soja e suplemento mineral e vitamínico. Para a coleta de fezes utilizaram-se coletores seguindo o sistema Guelph modificado. Foram determinados os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da matéria seca, dos nutrientes (proteína bruta, extrato etéreo, extrativo não nitrogenado) e da energia das dietas. No segundo ensaio foi avaliado o crescimento de juvenis de pacu, durante 60 dias em condições de laboratório, utilizando-se 126 peixes com peso médio de 49,1l8,3 g. Nos peixes alimentados com sete dietas semipurificadas isoprotéicas peletizadas, contendo 40% de cada uma das fontes de carboidratos foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho, composição corporal e eficiência de utilização de nutrientes e energia. Adicionalmente, três peixes de cada parcela do ensaio de crescimento foram sacrificados e amostras de sangue, fígado, músculo e trato gastrointestinal foram coletadas e processadas. Foram avaliados os índices hepatosomático e viscerosomático e o metabolismo energético por meio da determinação dos intermediários metabólicos:...
The nutritional value of many forms of carbohydrates seems to be related to its complexity. The quantitative and qualitative utilization of seven different carbohydrates sources (regular corn starch, waxy corn starch, pregelatinized and modified regular corn starch, modified and pregelatinized cassava starch, dextrin, malt dextrin, and glucose-dextrose) on diets for pacu were studied, aiming to achieve maximum performance efficiency and reduce costs of protein use. Fourteen semipurified isoproteic pelletized diets were used in a nutrient and energy digestibility trial of the carbohydrate sources, with a basic nutrient composition (fish meal, carboxymethyl cellulose, fine cellulose, soybean oil, mineral, and vitamin supplement) and two levels (20 and 40%) of included carbohydrates sources. Feces of 480 juveniles' pacu (69.6l17.9 g) were collected using collectors according Guelph modified system. Dry matter, nutrients (crude protein, ether extract, and nitrogen free extract), and energy apparent digestibility coefficients of the diets were determined. The second trial, conducted for 60 days in the laboratory, evaluated the growth of juveniles pacu of 126 fishe with average weight of 49.1l8.3g. The parameters of productive performance, body composition, nutrients, and crude energy utilization efficiency of fish fed semipurified isoproteic pelletized diets, each containing 40% of the studied carbohydrates sources, were evaluated. On the last trial, three fishes of each plot of the growth trial were sacrificed and samples of blood, liver, muscle, and gastrointestinal tract were collected and processed. The hepatosomatic and visceralsomatic indexes and energetic metabolism were evaluated by determining metabolic mediators: plasmatic glucose, cholesterol and total proteins, hepatic and muscular glycogen, plasmatic triglyceride and iv free amino acids, hepatic and muscular free fatty acids... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
The nutritional value of many forms of carbohydrates seems to be related to its complexity. The quantitative and qualitative utilization of seven different carbohydrates sources (regular corn starch, waxy corn starch, pregelatinized and modified regular corn starch, modified and pregelatinized cassava starch, dextrin, malt dextrin, and glucose-dextrose) on diets for pacu were studied, aiming to achieve maximum performance efficiency and reduce costs of protein use. Fourteen semipurified isoproteic pelletized diets were used in a nutrient and energy digestibility trial of the carbohydrate sources, with a basic nutrient composition (fish meal, carboxymethyl cellulose, fine cellulose, soybean oil, mineral, and vitamin supplement) and two levels (20 and 40%) of included carbohydrates sources. Feces of 480 juveniles' pacu (69.6l17.9 g) were collected using collectors according Guelph modified system. Dry matter, nutrients (crude protein, ether extract, and nitrogen free extract), and energy apparent digestibility coefficients of the diets were determined. The second trial, conducted for 60 days in the laboratory, evaluated the growth of juveniles pacu of 126 fishe with average weight of 49.1l8.3g. The parameters of productive performance, body composition, nutrients, and crude energy utilization efficiency of fish fed semipurified isoproteic pelletized diets, each containing 40% of the studied carbohydrates sources, were evaluated. On the last trial, three fishes of each plot of the growth trial were sacrificed and samples of blood, liver, muscle, and gastrointestinal tract were collected and processed. The hepatosomatic and visceralsomatic indexes and energetic metabolism were evaluated by determining metabolic mediators: plasmatic glucose, cholesterol and total proteins, hepatic and muscular glycogen, plasmatic triglyceride and iv free amino acids, hepatic and muscular free fatty acids... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pacu (Peixe) - Alimentação e rações, Carboidratos, Piaractus mesopotamicus, Carbohydrate
Como citar
MUÑOZ RAMÍREZ, Adriana Patrícia. Utilização de carboidratos digestíveis em dietas para pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus (Holmberg, 1887). 2005. iv, 123 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Centro de Aqüicultura, 2005.