Comparação dos efeitos do sufentanil e da clonidina administrados por via endovenosa para sedação em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco
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Data
2010-02-22
Autores
Rocha, Anita Perpétua Carvalho [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A sedação para a realização de cateterismo cardíaco, apesar de pouco estudada, tem sido alvo de preocupação de alguns anestesiologistas. Os benzodiazepínicos, os agonistas alfa-2 adrenérgicos e os opióides são comumente utilizados para este fim, entretanto, cada um destes medicamentos possui vantagens e desvantagens. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a eficácia do sufentanil e da clonidina como medicação sedativa em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco, comparando o impacto dos mesmos sobre os parâmetros hemodinâmicos e respiratórios apresentados, observando a presença de efeitos colaterais, além da satisfação do paciente e do hemodinamicista durante o exame. Trata-se de um ensaio clínico prospectivo, duplo-cego, randomizado e controlado, que envolveu sessenta pacientes divididos igualmente em dois grupos: GS e GC que receberam respectivamente, 0,1 mcg/kg de sufentanil e 0,5 mcg/kg de clonidina. Estes fármacos foram administrados antes da realização do cateterismo cardíaco. O escore de sedação segundo a escala de Ramsay, a necessidade de utilização de midazolam, os efeitos colaterais, a PAS, a PAD, a FC, a FR e a SpO2 foram registrados a cada cinco minutos, sendo os dados analisados em 06 diferentes momentos. Os grupos foram homogêneos em relação aos dados demográficos e avaliação clínica inicial. O comportamento da PAS, da PAD, da FC e da FR foi semelhante nos dois grupos, entretanto os pacientes do GS apresentaram menor escore de sedação segundo a escala de Ramsay no momento 2 e SpO2 menor que o GC no momento 6. Os pacientes do GS apresentaram maior incidência de NVPO que os pacientes do GC. A satisfação dos pacientes foi maior no GC. Os hemodinamicistas mostraram-se igualmente satisfeitos nos dois grupos. O sufentanil e a clonidina se mostraram efetivos como fármacos sedativos em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco.
Sedation for cardiac catheterization, although not largely studied, has worried a number of anesthesiologists presently. Not only benzodiazepinic medicine, but also alpha- 2 adrenergic agonist and opioids are commonly used drugs to this end. Each one of these medicaments presents a series of advantages as well as disadvantages. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of sufentanil and clonidine as a sedative medicament to patients submitted to cardiac catheterization, comparing their impact over the hemodynamic and respiratory parameters witnessed, observing the occurrence of side effects, besides patient’s and hemodynamicist’s satisfaction during the examination. This consists of a prospective, double-blinded, randomized and controlled clinical essay, which involved sixty patients equally divided in two different groups: GS and GC, who, respectively, received 0,1mcg/kg of sufentanil and 0,5 mcg/kg of clonidine. Both administered before cardiac catheterization. The sedation score, according to Ramsay’s scale, the necessity of utilizing midazolam, side effects, SAP, DAP, CF and SpO2 were registered every five minutes and data analyzed in six different moments. The studied groups were homogeneous regarding demographic data and initial clinical evaluation. The behavior of SAP, DAP, CF and RF was similar in both groups. However, a lower sedation score regarding Ramsay’s scale was observed in GS patients at moment 2 and at moment 6 SpO2 was found to be lower than GC. All GS patients seemed to have had higher incidence of PONV compared to GC patients. Considering patients’ satisfaction, it was higher in GC. Hemodynamicists seemed equally satisfied in both groups. Sufentanil and clonidine seemed to have been more effective as sedative medicaments in patients submitted to cardiac catheterization.
Sedation for cardiac catheterization, although not largely studied, has worried a number of anesthesiologists presently. Not only benzodiazepinic medicine, but also alpha- 2 adrenergic agonist and opioids are commonly used drugs to this end. Each one of these medicaments presents a series of advantages as well as disadvantages. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the effectiveness of sufentanil and clonidine as a sedative medicament to patients submitted to cardiac catheterization, comparing their impact over the hemodynamic and respiratory parameters witnessed, observing the occurrence of side effects, besides patient’s and hemodynamicist’s satisfaction during the examination. This consists of a prospective, double-blinded, randomized and controlled clinical essay, which involved sixty patients equally divided in two different groups: GS and GC, who, respectively, received 0,1mcg/kg of sufentanil and 0,5 mcg/kg of clonidine. Both administered before cardiac catheterization. The sedation score, according to Ramsay’s scale, the necessity of utilizing midazolam, side effects, SAP, DAP, CF and SpO2 were registered every five minutes and data analyzed in six different moments. The studied groups were homogeneous regarding demographic data and initial clinical evaluation. The behavior of SAP, DAP, CF and RF was similar in both groups. However, a lower sedation score regarding Ramsay’s scale was observed in GS patients at moment 2 and at moment 6 SpO2 was found to be lower than GC. All GS patients seemed to have had higher incidence of PONV compared to GC patients. Considering patients’ satisfaction, it was higher in GC. Hemodynamicists seemed equally satisfied in both groups. Sufentanil and clonidine seemed to have been more effective as sedative medicaments in patients submitted to cardiac catheterization.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Anestesia, Sedativos - Efeitos fisiológicos, Cateterismo cardíaco, Sufebtanil, Clonidine, Cardiac catheterization
Como citar
ROCHA, Anita Perpétua Carvalho. Comparação dos efeitos do sufentanil e da clonidina administrados por via endovenosa para sedação em pacientes submetidos a cateterismo cardíaco. 2010. 129 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, 2010.