Mecanismos de resistência de aedes aegyoti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) a inseticidas
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Data
2011-02-22
Autores
Macoris, Maria de Lourdes da Graça [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A necessidade de se controlar dengue com uso de inseticidas tem acarretado o desenvolvimento de resistência aos produtos mais utilizados em âmbito mundial. No Brasil, o Ministério da Saúde monitora anualmente o nível de susceptibilidade de populações de Aedes aegypti aos inseticidas. Este estudo objetivou analisar os dados disponíveis para o estado de São Paulo visando avaliar não só o impacto das estratégias de manejo adotadas nos níveis de resistência das populações, mas também o papel de resistência metabólica como um mecanismo da resistência detectada em larvas. Foram analisados os dados do período de 1996 a 2009, relativos à caracterização biológica da resistência de larvas e insetos adultos e os resultados de provas de efetividade em campo. Para avaliação do papel atividade de enzimas metabólicas na resistência observada em larvas, foi feito um experimento em laboratório com medida de atividade enzimática durante o processo de incremento da resistência em população originada do campo. Os dados foram confrontados com os resultados da atividade enzimática das populações de campo. Os dados do Programa de Monitoramento demonstraram ao longo do tempo um aumento do número de populações resistentes ao principal larvicida utilizado (temephos); que a resistência a adulticidas da classe dos piretróides é disseminada em todo o estado desde 2000 e que há comprometimento do controle em campo nas populações resistentes. Enzimas do grupo das esterases foram caracterizadas como envolvidas no mecanismo de resistência a temephos, embora tenham sido caracterizadas alterações em outras classes de enzimas em populações resistentes dificultando a interpretação pontual de atividade enzimática. A caracterização do vínculo genético apontou para um baixo fluxo gênico entre as populações justificando a manutenção da avaliação e manejo...
The need to control dengue transmission with insecticides has led to the development of resistance to the most used products all over the world. In Brazil the Ministry of Health monitors annually the level of susceptibility of Aedes aegypti populations to insecticides. This study aimed to evaluate data from São Paulo State in order to evaluate the impact of management of resistance on resistance levels in vector populations and also evaluate the role of metabolic enzymes on larval resistance to temephos. Data of larval and adults resistance from 1996 to 2009 were analyzed together with field efficacy tests response. In order to evaluate the role of metabolic enzymes on resistance of larvae to temephos, an experiment for increasing resistance and measurement of enzyme activity were compared with enzyme profile from field populations. Results showed, along the period, a decrease in susceptibility to the temephos-based larvicide in all populations; resistance to pyrethroids, observed in adult stage, was disseminated in the state since 2000 and that in resistance impacts on field activities. Enzymes from the esterase class were involved on temephos resistance of larvae, although other classes of enzymes show alterations in resistant populations making it difficult the interpretation of enzyme activity on single population. The characterization of the genetic link pointed to a low gene flow among populations. This justifies the maintenance of the assessment and management of sentinel regardless of their geographical origin. The study concludes that there is a general trend for loosing susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to the most used insecticides. To date management strategies adopted were not enough to avoid this process. There is impact of field control on “resistant” populations showing that management should be trigged on populations with “Decreased Susceptibility” status. Insecticide use self imitating tool which should de preserved
The need to control dengue transmission with insecticides has led to the development of resistance to the most used products all over the world. In Brazil the Ministry of Health monitors annually the level of susceptibility of Aedes aegypti populations to insecticides. This study aimed to evaluate data from São Paulo State in order to evaluate the impact of management of resistance on resistance levels in vector populations and also evaluate the role of metabolic enzymes on larval resistance to temephos. Data of larval and adults resistance from 1996 to 2009 were analyzed together with field efficacy tests response. In order to evaluate the role of metabolic enzymes on resistance of larvae to temephos, an experiment for increasing resistance and measurement of enzyme activity were compared with enzyme profile from field populations. Results showed, along the period, a decrease in susceptibility to the temephos-based larvicide in all populations; resistance to pyrethroids, observed in adult stage, was disseminated in the state since 2000 and that in resistance impacts on field activities. Enzymes from the esterase class were involved on temephos resistance of larvae, although other classes of enzymes show alterations in resistant populations making it difficult the interpretation of enzyme activity on single population. The characterization of the genetic link pointed to a low gene flow among populations. This justifies the maintenance of the assessment and management of sentinel regardless of their geographical origin. The study concludes that there is a general trend for loosing susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to the most used insecticides. To date management strategies adopted were not enough to avoid this process. There is impact of field control on “resistant” populations showing that management should be trigged on populations with “Decreased Susceptibility” status. Insecticide use self imitating tool which should de preserved
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aedes aegypti - Resistência a inseticidas, Dengue, Praga - Controle - Medidas de segurança, Aedes aegypti, Dengue
Como citar
MACORIS, Maria de Lourdes da Graça. Mecanismos de resistência de aedes aegyoti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) a inseticidas. 2011. 72 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2011.