Escória de siderurgia na cultura do arroz: fonte de silício e a interação com o nitrogênio
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Data
2008-12-22
Autores
Vidal, Anelisa de Aquino [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A escória de aciaria como um material corretivo, fonte de silício e sua interação com a adubação nitrogenada poderá beneficiar a nutrição e a produção da cultura do arroz. Entretanto, poderá afetar a atividade biológica do solo, devido à presença de metais pesados na sua composição química. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a escória de aciaria como material corretivo e como fonte de silício e a sua interação com a adubação nitrogenada na nutrição e na produção da cultura do arroz. Para isso instalou-se experimento em casa de vegetação na UNESP/Campus Jaboticabal, com a cultura do arroz (cv IAC 202) em vasos, preenchidos com um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por duas fontes de material corretivo (calcário dolomítico e escória de aciaria), três doses em ECaCO3 (1,3; 2,6 e 5,2 g dm-3) e três doses de N (80, 160 e 320 mg dm-3). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, analisado em esquema fatorial 2x3x3+1, com quatro repetições. Após 90 dias de incubação do solo avaliaram-se as características químicas do solo e após 120 dias do transplantio das plântulas de arroz, a atividade enzimática e teor de Si do solo, o estado nutricional (teores de nutrientes e de silício na planta) e o crescimento e a produção do arroz. Os resultados indicaram que a maior produção de grãos ocorreu com a aplicação de calcário na dose de 2,6 ECaCO3 (V= 50%) e de nitrogênio na dose de 160 mg dm-3. O uso da escória de aciaria foi semelhante ao do calcário na neutralização da acidez do solo e, ainda, aumentou a disponibilidade de silício no solo. As doses de nitrogênio diminuíram o teor de Si na parte aérea (colmo+folhas) do arroz. A adubação nitrogenada aumentou a absorção de nitrogênio, favoreceu o acúmulo de silício e nitrogênio na planta e promoveu maior produção de massa seca...
Slag as a corrective material and silicon source could benefit the nutrition and yield in rice cultivation due to its interaction with nitrogen fertilization. However, the slag could affect the biologic activity of the soil because of the presence of heavy metals in its chemical composition. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate slag as a corrective material and as silicon source as well as its interaction with nitrogen fertilization in the nutrition and the production of rice crops. For this reason an experiment with the culture of rice (cv IAC 202) in pots filled with acid dystrophic Red Latosol was carried out in a greenhouse in UNESP/Jaboticabal. The treatments which were applied were constituted of two corrective sources (dolomitic limestone and slag), three doses of correctives in ECaCO3 (1,3; 2,6 and 5,2 g dm-3) and three doses of nitrogen (80, 160 e 320 mg dm-3). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with a factorial scheme 2x3x3+1 with four replications. Ninety days after incubation, the characteristics of the fertility of the soil were evaluated and one hundred and twenty (120) days after planting the rice, the enzymatic activity and the silicon content of the soil, the nutritional status (content of the nutrients and silicon in plants) and the growth and the production of the rice were also evaluated. The results show that the greatest production of grains occurred with the application of limestone in the dose of 2,6 ECaCO3 (V= 50%) and of nitrogen in the 160 doses of mg dm-3. The result of the application of the slag was similar to that of the limestone in the neutralization of the acidity of the soil, moreover, it increased silicon availability. The doses of nitrogen diminished the content of Si in the rice (stem and leaf). Nitrogen fertilization also increased the absorption of nitrogen, favored the accumulation of silicon and nitrogen in the plants... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Slag as a corrective material and silicon source could benefit the nutrition and yield in rice cultivation due to its interaction with nitrogen fertilization. However, the slag could affect the biologic activity of the soil because of the presence of heavy metals in its chemical composition. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate slag as a corrective material and as silicon source as well as its interaction with nitrogen fertilization in the nutrition and the production of rice crops. For this reason an experiment with the culture of rice (cv IAC 202) in pots filled with acid dystrophic Red Latosol was carried out in a greenhouse in UNESP/Jaboticabal. The treatments which were applied were constituted of two corrective sources (dolomitic limestone and slag), three doses of correctives in ECaCO3 (1,3; 2,6 and 5,2 g dm-3) and three doses of nitrogen (80, 160 e 320 mg dm-3). The experimental design was in randomized blocks with a factorial scheme 2x3x3+1 with four replications. Ninety days after incubation, the characteristics of the fertility of the soil were evaluated and one hundred and twenty (120) days after planting the rice, the enzymatic activity and the silicon content of the soil, the nutritional status (content of the nutrients and silicon in plants) and the growth and the production of the rice were also evaluated. The results show that the greatest production of grains occurred with the application of limestone in the dose of 2,6 ECaCO3 (V= 50%) and of nitrogen in the 160 doses of mg dm-3. The result of the application of the slag was similar to that of the limestone in the neutralization of the acidity of the soil, moreover, it increased silicon availability. The doses of nitrogen diminished the content of Si in the rice (stem and leaf). Nitrogen fertilization also increased the absorption of nitrogen, favored the accumulation of silicon and nitrogen in the plants... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Silicate, Slag, Nitrogen fertilization, Soil enzyme, Silício, Arroz - Cultivo, Escoria, Resíduo siderúrgico, Adubação nitrogenada, Atividade enzimática do solo, Oryza sativa L.
Como citar
VIDAL, Anelisa de Aquino. Escória de siderurgia na cultura do arroz: fonte de silício e a interação com o nitrogênio. 2008. xiii, 110 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2008.