Diesel, biodiesel de mamona e de soja: desgaste do motor de trator agrícola em operações de preparo de solo
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Data
2011-04-19
Autores
Barbosa, Ana Lúcia Paschoa Botelho Ferreira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso de biocombustíveis deverá consolidar-se ao longo dos próximos anos. De um sonho de ambientalistas há décadas, adquiriu recentemente o status de real agente redutor das emissões de gases tóxicos. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar em condições reais de campo, o desgaste de motores Sisu Diesel modelo 620DSR da frota comercial de tratores de propriedade da Usina Catanduva. Utilizou-se diesel, biodiesel de óleo de mamona na proporção de 5%, biodiesel de óleo de soja nas proporções de 5% e 20%, sendo este biodiesel produzido pelo LADETEL/USP – Ribeirão Preto, SP. O tempo de avaliação foi de 18 meses, o que resultou em média 3.624 horas de trabalho efetivo de campo (preparo de solo) para cada trator avaliado, sendo os mesmos da marca Valtra, modelo BH180. Após os testes em campo procedeu-se á retirada e envio para as instalações da fábrica do fabricante Valtra em Mogi das Cruzes, SP, onde se procedeu á abertura dos mesmos sob criteriosa avaliação dos componentes. Os resultados evidenciaram que, a condição de desgaste dos motores que funcionou com biodiesel de soja e de mamona não apresentou anormalidade em comparação ao motor que funcionou com diesel. Avaliando o sistema de alimentação observaram-se pequenos depósitos de coloração escura na bomba injetora dos motores testados com biodiesel de soja e presença de desgastes severos na bomba injetora que equipava o motor testado com biodiesel de mamona, ocasionando o travamento (quebra), em função de deficiência de lubrificação do combustível provocada pela contaminação com água
The use of biofuels should consolidate-over the coming years. A dream for decades, environmentalists has recently acquired the status of real reducing agent of emissions of toxic gases. This work was to evaluate in real conditions of field, the wear Sisu Diesel engine model 620DSR commercial fleet tractors of ownership of Plant Catanduva. Used-diesel, biodiesel castor oil in the proportion of 5% and biodiesel of soya oil in the proportions of 5% and 20% (B20-soybean), being this biodiesel produced by LADETEL/USP Ribeirao Preto, SP. THE time of evaluation was 18 months, which resulted in average 3,624 hours of work effective field (soil tillage) for each tractor evaluated, being the same brand, model Valtra BH180. After the tests in the field has-be removed and sent to the plant of Valtra in Mogi das Cruzes, SP, where carried out will be opening of the same under a careful assessment of the components. The results showed abrasion of the engines that worked with biodiesel castor bean and soybean presented abnormality in comparison to the engine which has worked with diesel. Evaluating the system of feeding observed-small deposits of dark color of the injection pump engines tested with biodiesel of soybean and presence of severe damage to the injection pump that fitted the engine tested with biodiesel castor causing the hampering (broken) on the basis of disability fuel lubricating caused by the contamination with water
The use of biofuels should consolidate-over the coming years. A dream for decades, environmentalists has recently acquired the status of real reducing agent of emissions of toxic gases. This work was to evaluate in real conditions of field, the wear Sisu Diesel engine model 620DSR commercial fleet tractors of ownership of Plant Catanduva. Used-diesel, biodiesel castor oil in the proportion of 5% and biodiesel of soya oil in the proportions of 5% and 20% (B20-soybean), being this biodiesel produced by LADETEL/USP Ribeirao Preto, SP. THE time of evaluation was 18 months, which resulted in average 3,624 hours of work effective field (soil tillage) for each tractor evaluated, being the same brand, model Valtra BH180. After the tests in the field has-be removed and sent to the plant of Valtra in Mogi das Cruzes, SP, where carried out will be opening of the same under a careful assessment of the components. The results showed abrasion of the engines that worked with biodiesel castor bean and soybean presented abnormality in comparison to the engine which has worked with diesel. Evaluating the system of feeding observed-small deposits of dark color of the injection pump engines tested with biodiesel of soybean and presence of severe damage to the injection pump that fitted the engine tested with biodiesel castor causing the hampering (broken) on the basis of disability fuel lubricating caused by the contamination with water
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biocombustíveis, Máquinas agrícolas, Ensaio de campo, Ensaio de trator, Biofuels, Field essay, Tractor's essay
Como citar
BARBOSA, Ana Lúcia Paschoa Botelho Ferreira. Diesel, biodiesel de mamona e de soja: desgaste do motor de trator agrícola em operações de preparo de solo. 2011. ix, 83 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2011.