Estudo in situ de culturas autóctones de Lactobacillus helveticus autolíticus sobre a dinâmica bioquímica e sensorial do queijo Paramesão
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Data
2009-02-17
Autores
Barros, Jupyracyara Jandyra de Carvalho [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O uso de culturas de L. helveticus isoladas de soro-fermento na fabricação do queijo Parmesão pode representar a preservação da biodiversidade, e também uma alternativa na redução de custos dos laticínios. Esta economia, combinada com a melhoria da qualidade tecnológica pode representar produtos com melhor aroma, textura e sabor e menor custo aos consumidores. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de culturas autóctones isoladas de soro-fermento na fabricação do queijo Parmesão. Os queijos foram produzidos com Lactobacillus helveticus com perfil autolítico elevado (Cc1, E5) e perfil autolítico intermediário (A, D1) maturados a 18 oC durante 180 dias. Mensalmente, foram avaliados a qualidade sanitária, viabilidade de bactérias láticas, perfil físico-químico, atividade da lactato desidrogenase (LDH), perfil eletroforético e análise da microestrutura por microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (MET). A microestrutura do queijo E5 maturado por 30 e 60 dias foi avaliada também em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). A presença de compostos aromáticos foi avaliada no queijo maturado por 60, 120 e 180 dias usando cromatógrafo gasoso, após prévia concentração das substâncias voláteis por headspace. Análise descritiva quantitativa (ADQ) foi empregada nas amostras maturadas por 90 a 180 dias. Todas as amostras de leite e queijo Parmesão atenderam aos padrões legais quanto aos bioindicadores de contaminação avaliados. Bactérias láticas apresentaram redução a partir de 90 dias de maturação. Houve aumento significativo nos teores de acidez, nitrogênio solúvel em pH 4,6 (NSpH4,6) e nitrogênio solúvel em ácido tricloroacético (NSTCA12%) em todas as amostras de queijo Parmesão ao longo de 180 dias de maturação. A maior hidrólise da caseína e liberação dos aminoácidos tirosina e triptofano foi obtida quando os queijos...
The use of cultures of L. helveticus isolated from natural whey starter in the production of Parmesan cheese can represent biodiversity preservation, and also an alternative in reducing costs to the dairy industry. These savings, combined with the improved technological quality may represent products with a better aroma, texture and taste and lower cost to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autochthonous cultures isolated from natural whey starter in the production of Parmesan cheese. The cheeses were produced with added Lactobacillus helveticus with high autolitic profile (CC1, E5) and intermediary autolitic profile (A, D1) and ripened at 18oC during 180 days. Once a month, the sanitary quality, viability of lactic acid bacteria, physicochemical profile, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), electrophoretic profile and transmission electronic microstructure (TEM) were analysed. The microstructure of cheese sample E5 ripened during 30 and 60 days was also evaluated using scanning electronic microstructure (SEM). The presence of aromatic compounds was evaluated in the ripened cheese at 60, 120 and 180 days using gas chromatography, after prior concentration of volatile compounds by head-space. Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) was applied in ripened samples at 90 and 180 days. All samples of milk and Parmesan cheese were in accordance to the legal standards of bioindicators of contamination. Lactic acid bacteria population was reduced after 90 days of ripening. There was a significant increase in acidity, soluble nitrogen in pH 4.6 (NSpH4,6) and soluble nitrogen in trichloroacetic acid (NSTCA12%) contents in all samples of Parmesan cheese during 180 days of ripening. The higher hydrolysis of casein and release of tyrosine and tryptophan amino acids were higher in cheese produced with the D1 and E5 cultures added. In these cheeses, the LDH activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The use of cultures of L. helveticus isolated from natural whey starter in the production of Parmesan cheese can represent biodiversity preservation, and also an alternative in reducing costs to the dairy industry. These savings, combined with the improved technological quality may represent products with a better aroma, texture and taste and lower cost to consumers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of autochthonous cultures isolated from natural whey starter in the production of Parmesan cheese. The cheeses were produced with added Lactobacillus helveticus with high autolitic profile (CC1, E5) and intermediary autolitic profile (A, D1) and ripened at 18oC during 180 days. Once a month, the sanitary quality, viability of lactic acid bacteria, physicochemical profile, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), electrophoretic profile and transmission electronic microstructure (TEM) were analysed. The microstructure of cheese sample E5 ripened during 30 and 60 days was also evaluated using scanning electronic microstructure (SEM). The presence of aromatic compounds was evaluated in the ripened cheese at 60, 120 and 180 days using gas chromatography, after prior concentration of volatile compounds by head-space. Quantitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) was applied in ripened samples at 90 and 180 days. All samples of milk and Parmesan cheese were in accordance to the legal standards of bioindicators of contamination. Lactic acid bacteria population was reduced after 90 days of ripening. There was a significant increase in acidity, soluble nitrogen in pH 4.6 (NSpH4,6) and soluble nitrogen in trichloroacetic acid (NSTCA12%) contents in all samples of Parmesan cheese during 180 days of ripening. The higher hydrolysis of casein and release of tyrosine and tryptophan amino acids were higher in cheese produced with the D1 and E5 cultures added. In these cheeses, the LDH activity... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Queijo parmesão - Indústria, Tecnologia de alimentos, Lactobacillus helveticus, Queijo parmesão - Maturação, Parmesão - Maturação, Parmesan, Lactobacillus helveticus autochthonous, Autolysis, Ripening, Quality
Como citar
BARROS, Jupyracyara Jandyra de Carvalho. Estudo in situ de culturas autóctones de Lactobacillus helveticus autolíticus sobre a dinâmica bioquímica e sensorial do queijo Paramesão. 2009. 106 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, 2009.