Contribuição diferencial do hipocampo ventral e do complexo amidalóide na modulação de respostas defensivas inatas e condicionadas de camundongos
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Data
2011-02-04
Autores
Amaral, Vanessa Cristiane de Santana [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Quando os animais são confrontados com estímulos ambientais ameaçadores como a exposição ao predador ou estímulos como altura, iluminação e estímulos nociceptivos, exibem reações de defesa coordenadas e específicas. Nas últimas décadas, observa-se um crescente interesse pela utilização de estímulos naturalísticos para o estudo das bases neurais de emoções como o medo e ansiedade. Nesse contexto, o teste de exposição ao rato (RET), um novo modelo etológico de interação presa-predador, utilizando camundongos (presa) e ratos (predador), foi desenvolvido para avaliar a expressão de diferentes comportamentos defensivos na presa. Entretanto, poucos estudos foram conduzidos com esse modelo no intuito de investigar as bases neurais das respostas defensivas de camundongos expostos ao rato. Adicionalmente, evidências da literatura destacam que o hipocampo ventral (HV) e o complexo amidalóide (CA) parecem contribuir diferencialmente na modulação de respostas defensivas frente a estímulos proximais (predador) ou potenciais. Assim, o presente estudo foi conduzido para investigar o papel do HV e do CA nas respostas defensivas de camundongos exibidas diante do predador (rato) e do contexto associado ao predador. Para tal, o presente estudo foi dividido em quatro etapas. Na primeira delas, investigamos se o estresse da exposição ao predador no RET altera a secreção de corticosterona em camundongos e determinamos a magnitude e a duração desta secreção. Na segunda etapa, avaliamos o papel do HV e do CA, através da injeção local do agonista de receptores GABAA muscimol (0,1 μg/0,1 μl), na mediação de respostas comportamentais defensivas de camundongos expostos ao RET (situação proximal) e comparamos com aquelas apresentadas durante a exposição ao labirinto em cruz elevado (LCE - situação potencial). Subsequentemente, investigamos se camundongos expostos...
When animals are confronted with environmental threatening situations such as exposure to a predator as well as to height, high illumination and nociceptive stimuli they exhibit defensive behaviors. Over the past decades there has been a growing interest by the neuroscientists in the use of naturalistic stimuli to the study of the neural systems of the emotions such as fear and anxiety. In this context, the Rat Exposure Test (RET) which is a new ethological model of prey-predator interaction using mice (prey) and rats (predator) was developed in order to evaluate the expression of different defensive behaviors in the prey. However few studies using this model have been carried out with the objective of investigating the neural systems of the defensive behaviors in mice exposed to rats. In addition, evidence in literature has shown that the ventral hippocampus (VH) and the amygdaloid complex (AC) contribute differentially in the modulation of defensive behaviors during exposure to either potential or immediate stimuli (predator). Thus, the present study was aimed at investigating the role of VH and AC in the modulation of defensive behaviors of mice when exposed to predators (rats) as well as the predatory context. The experiment comprised four parts: (i) to investigate both whether stress regarding the exposure to the predator alters the corticosterone secretion in mice and to determine the magnitude and the duration of this secretion; (ii) the role of VH and AC was evaluated through local microinjection of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol (0,1 μg/0,1 μl) in the modulation of defensive behavioral responses of mice exposed to RET (proximal aversive situation). The responses then were compared to those presented during to the exposure to the elevated plus-maze (EPM - potential aversive situation); (iii) to investigate whether mice exposed to natural predator (rat) in RET exhibit... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
When animals are confronted with environmental threatening situations such as exposure to a predator as well as to height, high illumination and nociceptive stimuli they exhibit defensive behaviors. Over the past decades there has been a growing interest by the neuroscientists in the use of naturalistic stimuli to the study of the neural systems of the emotions such as fear and anxiety. In this context, the Rat Exposure Test (RET) which is a new ethological model of prey-predator interaction using mice (prey) and rats (predator) was developed in order to evaluate the expression of different defensive behaviors in the prey. However few studies using this model have been carried out with the objective of investigating the neural systems of the defensive behaviors in mice exposed to rats. In addition, evidence in literature has shown that the ventral hippocampus (VH) and the amygdaloid complex (AC) contribute differentially in the modulation of defensive behaviors during exposure to either potential or immediate stimuli (predator). Thus, the present study was aimed at investigating the role of VH and AC in the modulation of defensive behaviors of mice when exposed to predators (rats) as well as the predatory context. The experiment comprised four parts: (i) to investigate both whether stress regarding the exposure to the predator alters the corticosterone secretion in mice and to determine the magnitude and the duration of this secretion; (ii) the role of VH and AC was evaluated through local microinjection of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol (0,1 μg/0,1 μl) in the modulation of defensive behavioral responses of mice exposed to RET (proximal aversive situation). The responses then were compared to those presented during to the exposure to the elevated plus-maze (EPM - potential aversive situation); (iii) to investigate whether mice exposed to natural predator (rat) in RET exhibit... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Hipocampo (Cerebro), Teste de exposição ao rato, Labirinto em cruz elevado, Hipocampo ventral, Rat exposure test, Elevated plus-maze, Ventral hippocampus, Amygdaloid complex, Defensive behaviors, Contextual fear conditioning
Como citar
AMARAL, Vanessa Cristiane de Santana. Contribuição diferencial do hipocampo ventral e do complexo amidalóide na modulação de respostas defensivas inatas e condicionadas de camundongos. 2011. 158 f. Tese (doutorado) - UNESP/UFSCar, Programa Interinstitucional de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, 2011.