Desenvolvimento regional e conservação ambiental: a Estrada do Colono como via de (des)integração do oeste-sudoeste paranaense
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Data
2006-08-04
Autores
Dias, Edson dos Santos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nesta pesquisa, analisamos o processo conflituoso envolvendo a reivindicação pela reabertura da Estrada do Colono, que atravessava o Parque Nacional do Iguaçu, interligando municípios do Oeste e Sudoeste paranaense. Em cumprimento à decisão judicial, esta estrada foi fechada em 1986, e, desde então, a reivindicação pela sua reabertura adquiriu um conteúdo litigioso, expresso por inúmeros conflitos entre as partes envolvidas, o que perdura até o momento, implicando diversas ações judiciais. Ela permaneceu aberta ao tráfego de forma irregular entre 1997 e 2001, após a mobilização de setores da comunidade local (organizações políticas, empresariais, de agricultores) de alguns municípios próximos ao parque. Acrescentam-se a essa situação as campanhas feitas por diversas ONGs ambientalistas para garantir a manutenção da interdição da estrada. Esse contexto, muito além do litígio judicial, confere à Estrada do Colono uma condição repleta de polêmica e de interesses envolvidos. Na busca do entendimento da problemática levantada, procedemos à análise dos condicionantes sociais que gravitam em torno da estrada, materializados nos diversos interesses envolvidos - de ordem econômica, política e ambiental -, próprios dos agentes diretamente interessados na questão: ONGs; agricultores, grupos empresariais e políticos locais e Estado. A partir da elucidação dessas questões, apresentamos elementos que nos permitiram compreender o suposto significado estratégico, enquanto eixo de desenvolvimento regional para o Oeste-Sudoeste paranaense, representado pela Estrada do Colono, conforme afirmação reiteradamente utilizada pelo movimento pró-reabertura, assim como os projetos de exploração ecoturística no entorno do parque.
In this research we analyze the conflictual process involving the claiming for the reopening of Estrada do Colono, which goes through Iguassu National park, connecting the West and Southwest municipal districts of Paraná. In compliance with the judicial decision, this road was closed in 1986, and since then the claiming for its reopening acquired litigious content, expressed by innumerous conflicts between the involved parties, which last until this moment, implying in several judicial proceedings. The road remained irregularly open to traffic from 1997 to 2001, after the mobilization of local community sectors (political, entrepreneurial and agricultural organizations) of some municipal districts next to the park. This situation has also had campaigns held by several environmental NGOs in order to guarantee the maintenance of the road interdiction. This context, way further the judicial litigation, confers Estrada do Colono a condition extremely polemical and full of interests involved. Searching the understanding of the raised matter, we proceeded to the analysis of the social conditioners which surround the road, materialized in the several involved interests - of economical, political and environmental order - characteristic of the agents directly interested in the matter: NGOs, agriculturists, local and State entrepreneur and political groups. From the elucidation of these matters, we present elements which allow us to understand the so-called strategical meaning, as an axle of regional development to the West-Southwest of Paraná, according to statement repeatedly used by the pro-opening movement, as well as the projects of ecotouristic exploitation around the park.
In this research we analyze the conflictual process involving the claiming for the reopening of Estrada do Colono, which goes through Iguassu National park, connecting the West and Southwest municipal districts of Paraná. In compliance with the judicial decision, this road was closed in 1986, and since then the claiming for its reopening acquired litigious content, expressed by innumerous conflicts between the involved parties, which last until this moment, implying in several judicial proceedings. The road remained irregularly open to traffic from 1997 to 2001, after the mobilization of local community sectors (political, entrepreneurial and agricultural organizations) of some municipal districts next to the park. This situation has also had campaigns held by several environmental NGOs in order to guarantee the maintenance of the road interdiction. This context, way further the judicial litigation, confers Estrada do Colono a condition extremely polemical and full of interests involved. Searching the understanding of the raised matter, we proceeded to the analysis of the social conditioners which surround the road, materialized in the several involved interests - of economical, political and environmental order - characteristic of the agents directly interested in the matter: NGOs, agriculturists, local and State entrepreneur and political groups. From the elucidation of these matters, we present elements which allow us to understand the so-called strategical meaning, as an axle of regional development to the West-Southwest of Paraná, according to statement repeatedly used by the pro-opening movement, as well as the projects of ecotouristic exploitation around the park.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Comunidade - Desenvolvimento, Áreas de conservação de recursos naturais, Conflito socioambiental, Regional development, Socioenvironmental conflict
Como citar
DIAS, Edson dos Santos. Desenvolvimento regional e conservação ambiental: a Estrada do Colono como via de (des)integração do oeste-sudoeste paranaense. 2006. 395 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2006.