Resíduos orgânicos como recondicionante de subsolo degradado e efeitos na atividade microbiana e fertilidade em cultivo de barbatimão
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Data
2008-12-01
Autores
Calgaro, Hemerson Fernandes [UNESP]
Cassiolato, Ana Maria Rodrigues [UNESP]
Valério Filho, Walter Veriano [UNESP]
Fernandes, Francisco Maximino [UNESP]
Maltoni, Kátia Luciene [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade de Investigações Florestais
Resumo
Com a construção da usina hidrelétrica de Ilha Solteira no final da década de 1960, algumas áreas foram desmatadas, servindo como área de empréstimo. o solo dessas áreas foi extraído, e estas adquiriram características químicas e biológicas distantes das ideais. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o uso de resíduos orgânicos como recondicionante de subsolo degradado e quantificar os efeitos na atividade microbiana e na fertilidade de solo cultivado com barbatimão (Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart.). A área localiza-se na fazenda da UNESP/Campus de Ilha Solteira, em Selvíria, MS, onde foram alocados quatro blocos (repetições) de 250 m² (10 x 25 m) com 10 tratamentos cada, sendo testemunha; calagem; adubação com N+P; calagem +N+P; N+P+aguapé; N+P+bagaço de cana; N+P+aguapé+bagaço de cana; calagem +N+P+aguapé; calagem +N+P+bagaço de cana e calagem +N+P+aguapé+bagaço de cana. Avaliaram-se as características químicas do subsolo, crescimento da planta, carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) e do c-CO2 liberado, quociente metabólico (qCO2) e (qMIC), em cinco épocas de amostragens de subsolo (junho, agosto, novembro e dezembro de 2005 e março de 2006). O subsolo continua a apresentar caráter ácido e pobre em nutrientes, após um ano de avaliação. Já o carbono da biomassa mostrou tendência à estabilização, enquanto o qCO2 e o quociente microbiano qMIC diminuíram no mesmo período. No conjunto, embora longe do ideal, os tratamentos com resíduos orgânicos apresentaram melhores resultados, com ligeiro diferencial positivo para a presença de aguapé. O CBM permitiu a observação de variação sazonal.
Following the construction of the Hydroelectric Power Station of Solteira Island in the late 1960s, some areas were deforested and used as lending areas. The soil was extracted from these areas, which acquired chemical and biological characteristics far from the ideal. This work aimed to evaluate the use of organic residues as a reconditioner of degraded subsoil and quantify its effects on soil microbial activity and fertility in 'barbatimão' (Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart.) cultivation. The area is located at the UNESP/ Ilha Solteira Campus farm, in Selvíria - MS. Four sections (repetitions) of 250 m² (10 x 25 m) were allocated, with 10 treatments for each, as follows: control; liming; fertilizing+N+P; liming+N+P; N+P+water hyacinth; N+P+sugar cane bagasse; N+P+water hyacinth+sugar cane bagasse; liming+N+P+water hyacinth; liming+N+P+sugar cane bagasse and liming+N+P+water hyacinth+sugar cane bagasse. The chemical characteristics of the subsoil were evaluated as well as plant growth, carbon microbial biomass (CMB) and released c-CO2 , metabolic quotient (qCO2) and microbial quotient (qMIC), in 5 subsoil sample collecting times (June, August, November and December, 2005 and March, 2006). The subsoil displayed the same acid and poor nutrient level characteristics after a year. During the experiment, the CMB presented stabilization tendencies and the qCO2 and qMIC decreased in the same period. In all, even below the ideal level, the organic residues showed better results, with small positive differences for water hyacinth. CMB exhibited seasonal variations.
Following the construction of the Hydroelectric Power Station of Solteira Island in the late 1960s, some areas were deforested and used as lending areas. The soil was extracted from these areas, which acquired chemical and biological characteristics far from the ideal. This work aimed to evaluate the use of organic residues as a reconditioner of degraded subsoil and quantify its effects on soil microbial activity and fertility in 'barbatimão' (Stryphnodendron polyphyllum Mart.) cultivation. The area is located at the UNESP/ Ilha Solteira Campus farm, in Selvíria - MS. Four sections (repetitions) of 250 m² (10 x 25 m) were allocated, with 10 treatments for each, as follows: control; liming; fertilizing+N+P; liming+N+P; N+P+water hyacinth; N+P+sugar cane bagasse; N+P+water hyacinth+sugar cane bagasse; liming+N+P+water hyacinth; liming+N+P+sugar cane bagasse and liming+N+P+water hyacinth+sugar cane bagasse. The chemical characteristics of the subsoil were evaluated as well as plant growth, carbon microbial biomass (CMB) and released c-CO2 , metabolic quotient (qCO2) and microbial quotient (qMIC), in 5 subsoil sample collecting times (June, August, November and December, 2005 and March, 2006). The subsoil displayed the same acid and poor nutrient level characteristics after a year. During the experiment, the CMB presented stabilization tendencies and the qCO2 and qMIC decreased in the same period. In all, even below the ideal level, the organic residues showed better results, with small positive differences for water hyacinth. CMB exhibited seasonal variations.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Subsolo cerrado, aguapé, bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, Subsoil, savannah, water hyacinth, sugar cane bagasse
Como citar
Revista Árvore. Sociedade de Investigações Florestais, v. 32, n. 6, p. 1069-1079, 2008.