Modos de aplicação de calcário e de micronutrientes em pomar de laranjeira 'Natal' e análise comparativa de custos
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Data
2007-01-01
Autores
Calgaro, Hemerson Fernandes [UNESP]
Fernandes, Francisco Maximino [UNESP]
Boaventura, André Luís de Assis [UNESP]
Tarsitano, Maria Aparecida Anselmo [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Resumo
De acordo com o Agrianual (2005), a produção citrícola brasileira é de 17,7 milhões de toneladas ano-1,ocupando aproximadamente 1 milhão de hectares no território brasileiro e, deste total, 810 mil hectares localizam-se no Estado de São Paulo. A maioria dos solos brasileiros, inclusive aqueles onde foram instalados os pomares cítricos, apresenta reação ácida. Esta é, sem dúvida, a principal condição desfavorável dos solos e um dos fatores limitantes da produção em solos tropicais. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo estudar o efeito de diferentes modos de aplicação de calcário e de micronutrientes e analisar, de forma comparativa, os custos destes tratamentos em um pomar de laranjeira. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Fazenda Morumbi, município de Estrela D'Oeste-SP, num Argissolo Vermelho-Amarelo. A variedade de laranjeira utilizada foi a 'Natal', enxertada em limão Cravo, com 6 anos de idade e espaçamento 5 x 8 m. O delineamento experimental foi em parcelas subdivididas, com 3 repetições, com 5 tratamentos principais (sem calcário; a necessidade total de calcário (NC) incorporado; NC sem incorporação; ¹/2 NC no primeiro ano + ¹/2 NC no segundo ano e ¹/3 NC no primeiro ano, + ¹/3 NC no segundo ano, + ¹/3 NC no terceiro ano) e dois tratamentos secundários [micronutrientes via solo (FTE-BR 12: 11,5 % de ZnO e B2O3; 1% CuO; 5,4% de Fe2O3; 5,5% de MnO2; 0,2% de MoO3) e micronutrientes via foliar (sulfato de zinco a 0,5% e ácido bórico a 0,08%)], distribuídos em blocos casualizados. Não houve efeito significativo dos modos de aplicação da calagem e de micronutrientes sobre as variáveis avaliadas (produção, sólidos solúveis totais, acidez total titulável). Para massa média do fruto, o efeito significativo aconteceu apenas no primeiro ano, com a calagem em dose única e sem incorporação, e micronutrientes via solo. Concluiu-se que não houve efeito significativo dos modos de aplicação do calcário e dos micronutrientes para produção e massa média dos frutos da laranjeira 'Natal', e a receita líquida foi positiva em todos os tratamentos, sendo que o tratamento 5 [¹/3 da necessidade total de calcário (NC) no 1º ano + ¹/3 da NC no 2º ano, + ¹/3 da NC no 3º ano] apresentou o melhor valor acumulado (U$ 3.721,85 ha-1).
In agreement with the Institute Fnp (2005), the production Brazilian of citrus is of 17,7 million tons year-1 occupying 1 million of ha approximately in the Brazilian territory and of this total one, 810 thousand ha are located in the State of São Paulo. Most of the Brazilian soils, besides those where the citric orchards were installed, it presents acid reaction. This is, without a doubt, the main unfavorable condition of the soils and one of the factors that harm the production in tropical soils. The present work had the objective to study the effect of different ways of lime application, micronutrients and make a comparative analysis of treatments costs in a orange. The experiment was develop at Morumbi Farm, town country of Estrela D'Oeste, in a Ultisol. The variety of orange used was the 'Natal' incorporated at lemon, with six years old and spaced at 5 x 8 m. The outline was in a subdivided plot, with 3 repetitions, with 5 main treatments [without lime application, lime total need (LT) incorporated; LT without incorporation; ¹/2 LT in the first year + ¹/2 LT in the second year; ¹/3 LT in the first year + ¹/3 LT in the second year + ¹/3 LT in the third year] and 2 secondary treatments [micronutrients in the soil (FTE-BR 12: 11,5% de ZnO e B2O3; 1% CuO; 5,4% de Fe2O3; 5,5% de MnO2; 0,2% de MoO3); micronutrients in the leaves (sulfate of zinc to 0,5% and boric acid a 0,08%)], distributed in randomblocks. There is no significant effect in the ways of application of lime and micronutrients in the evaluated parameters (production, total solid soluble (TSS), total acidy, chemical analysis of the soil); to medium mass of the fruit had a significative effect only in the first year, with the liming in a single dose and without incorporation, and micronutrients in the soil. There was not significant effect of the manners of application of the lime and of the micronutrients for production and medium mass of the fruits of the orange and the liquid income was positive in all of the treatments and the treatment 5 [¹/3 of lime total need (LT) in 1º year + ¹/3 of the LT in 2º year + ¹/3 of the LT in 3º year] presented the best accumulated value (U$ 3721,85 ha-1).
In agreement with the Institute Fnp (2005), the production Brazilian of citrus is of 17,7 million tons year-1 occupying 1 million of ha approximately in the Brazilian territory and of this total one, 810 thousand ha are located in the State of São Paulo. Most of the Brazilian soils, besides those where the citric orchards were installed, it presents acid reaction. This is, without a doubt, the main unfavorable condition of the soils and one of the factors that harm the production in tropical soils. The present work had the objective to study the effect of different ways of lime application, micronutrients and make a comparative analysis of treatments costs in a orange. The experiment was develop at Morumbi Farm, town country of Estrela D'Oeste, in a Ultisol. The variety of orange used was the 'Natal' incorporated at lemon, with six years old and spaced at 5 x 8 m. The outline was in a subdivided plot, with 3 repetitions, with 5 main treatments [without lime application, lime total need (LT) incorporated; LT without incorporation; ¹/2 LT in the first year + ¹/2 LT in the second year; ¹/3 LT in the first year + ¹/3 LT in the second year + ¹/3 LT in the third year] and 2 secondary treatments [micronutrients in the soil (FTE-BR 12: 11,5% de ZnO e B2O3; 1% CuO; 5,4% de Fe2O3; 5,5% de MnO2; 0,2% de MoO3); micronutrients in the leaves (sulfate of zinc to 0,5% and boric acid a 0,08%)], distributed in randomblocks. There is no significant effect in the ways of application of lime and micronutrients in the evaluated parameters (production, total solid soluble (TSS), total acidy, chemical analysis of the soil); to medium mass of the fruit had a significative effect only in the first year, with the liming in a single dose and without incorporation, and micronutrients in the soil. There was not significant effect of the manners of application of the lime and of the micronutrients for production and medium mass of the fruits of the orange and the liquid income was positive in all of the treatments and the treatment 5 [¹/3 of lime total need (LT) in 1º year + ¹/3 of the LT in 2º year + ¹/3 of the LT in 3º year] presented the best accumulated value (U$ 3721,85 ha-1).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Citrus sinensis, calagem, fritas, adubação foliar, custo de produção, Citrus sinensis, lime (liming), fried, fertilize through foliating, production cost
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura. Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 29, n. 3, p. 639-644, 2007.