Determinação do consumo de água em cultura de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) em ambiente protegido
Carregando...
Data
2001-04
Autores
Klosowski, Elcio Silvério [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O consumo hídrico da cultura de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivado em ambiente protegido foi avaliado por meio de lisímetros de compensação de nível de lençol freático. A evapotranspiração total de cultura, para um ciclo de 198 dias, foi de 293,5mm com média diária de 1,5mm. Para determinação do coeficiente de cultura foi utilizado o modelo de estimativa da evapotranspiração de referência proposto por Penman- Monteith. Os valores de coeficiente de cultura variaram de 0,4 para início do ciclo até 0,7 no período entre o florescimento e início de colheita. Na condição de ambiente protegido, as variáveis meteorológicas como: temperatura do ar, radiação solar global, saldo de radiação e velocidade do vento apresentaram valores menores que os obtidos em estação meteorológica. Os valores de umidade relativa do ar, porém, foram semelhantes àqueles obtidos em estação meteorológica. A radiação solar difusa medida na condição de ambiente protegido foi maior devido à presença de componentes estruturais e da opacidade do plástico de cobertura. Os modelos estatísticos de regressão linear simples, cujas variáveis independentes foram a radiação solar global, o saldo de radiação e a umidade relativa do ar, representaram satisfatoriamente a evapotranspiração de cultura para a condição de ambiente protegido. O índice de área foliar representou adequadamente as variações da evapotranspiração de cultura em todo o ciclo e do coeficiente de cultura para o período compreendido até 150 dias após o transplante. Os valores de evapotranspiração de cultura no ambiente protegido foram cerca de 50% menores que aqueles apresentados pela FAO. Portanto, o cultivo de plantas neste tipo de ambiente mostra alta eficiência de uso de água e pode ser uma alternativa para otimizar as práticas de irrigação e reduzir os investimentos em equipamentos.
Water consumption of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) crop, which was grown in greenhouse, was evaluated through water table lysimeters. The total evapotranspiration of this crop during a hundred ninety eight term, was of 293.5mm, averaging daily in 1.5mm. The crop coefficient determination was gotten using an estimate pattern of reference evapotranspiration proposed by Penman-Monteith. The crop coefficient values ranged from 0.4 according to the beginning of the cycle, to 0.7 which presents the term between the blossom and the cropping term. In a greenhouse, metereological variables as: air temperature; global solar radiation and wind speed showed inferior records than those ones obtained at the metereological field station. Meanwhile, relative humidity answers were similar to the ones obtained at the metereological station. The diffuse solar radiation measured into the greenhouse was superior due to the presence of structural components and plastic opaqueness from the roof. The statistical patterns of simple linear regression which independent variables were global solar radiation; net radiation and relative humidity of air represented satisfactorily crop evapotranspiration according to its condition into the greenhouse. The leaf area index represented properly the crop evapotranspiration changes to all the crop cycle considering the crop coefficient to the term which was comprised until 150 days after a transplant. The crop evapotranspiration values in a greenhouse were almost 50% inferior than those ones shown by FAO. Therefore, growing plants in this kind of environment shows high efficiency on water use and it can also be an alternative on optimizing watering practices and reducing investments on equipment.
Water consumption of red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) crop, which was grown in greenhouse, was evaluated through water table lysimeters. The total evapotranspiration of this crop during a hundred ninety eight term, was of 293.5mm, averaging daily in 1.5mm. The crop coefficient determination was gotten using an estimate pattern of reference evapotranspiration proposed by Penman-Monteith. The crop coefficient values ranged from 0.4 according to the beginning of the cycle, to 0.7 which presents the term between the blossom and the cropping term. In a greenhouse, metereological variables as: air temperature; global solar radiation and wind speed showed inferior records than those ones obtained at the metereological field station. Meanwhile, relative humidity answers were similar to the ones obtained at the metereological station. The diffuse solar radiation measured into the greenhouse was superior due to the presence of structural components and plastic opaqueness from the roof. The statistical patterns of simple linear regression which independent variables were global solar radiation; net radiation and relative humidity of air represented satisfactorily crop evapotranspiration according to its condition into the greenhouse. The leaf area index represented properly the crop evapotranspiration changes to all the crop cycle considering the crop coefficient to the term which was comprised until 150 days after a transplant. The crop evapotranspiration values in a greenhouse were almost 50% inferior than those ones shown by FAO. Therefore, growing plants in this kind of environment shows high efficiency on water use and it can also be an alternative on optimizing watering practices and reducing investments on equipment.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Evapotranspiração, Pimentão - Irrigação, Lisimetro, Pimentão - Ambiente protegido
Como citar
KLOSOWSKI, Elcio Silvério. Determinação do consumo de água em cultura de pimentão (Capsicum annuum L.) em ambiente protegido. 2001. xiii, 82 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2001.