Avaliação energética econômica da culturado milho em assentamento rural, Iperó-SP
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Data
2007-10-23
Autores
Almeida, Luís Carlos Ferreira de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O desenvolvimento da agricultura no período recente caracterizou-se, entre outros aspectos, pelo aumento da utilização de insumos extrapropriedade, principalmente daqueles derivados de petróleo, o que traz à tona questões dos fluxos energéticos envolvidos e a sua sustentabilidade energética e econômica. Este trabalho, tendo como hipótese que maiores inputs energéticos não guardam proporção com outputs econômicos, buscou estudar os fluxos energéticos e econômicos da cultura do milho, para os diversos sistemas de produção existentes no Assentamento Ipanema Área I, tendo como ferramental de análise os índices de eficiência Cultural, Energética e Econômica, aos quais se acrescentaram a proposta metodológica dos índices de Eficiência Cultural Econômica e Energética Econômica construídos para cenários probabilísticos. Foram identificados quatro sistemas diferentes: “A”, “B”, “C” e “D”. Os dispêndios energéticos foram, respectivamente, de 4.836,19 MJ x ha–1, 4.4647,17 MJ x ha–1, 4.639,49 MJ x ha–1 e 4.450,47 MJ x ha–1. Em “A”, no qual o uso de máquinas é mais intensivo, a participação da energia de fonte biológica foi de 23,26%, enquanto os de origem fóssil foi de 76,74%, por sua vez em “D” a proporção fonte biológica e fóssil foi, respectivamente, de 35,72% e 64,28%. O sistema “D” possui a maior Eficiência Cultural, com índice médio de 16,26, enquanto “A” apresentou os menores índices de Eficiência Cultural, com valores médios de 14,83. Para análise da Eficiência Energética, que é indicativo da dependência de energia de fontes não-renováveis, o maior índice foi o sistema “D”, com índice médio de 53,84, indicando que, entre sistemas estudados, esse é o que apresenta os maiores índices, com valores médios de 40% superior ao Sistema “A” e 20% superior aos sistemas “B” e “C”...
The agriculture development in a recent period of time has, among other characteristics, an increase in the use of extra property farm inputs, especially those coming from oil, what brings to light the involved energetic flow issues and their economical and energetic sustainability. This paper, having as a hypothesis that greater energetic inputs do no keep ratio with economical outputs, has tried to study the economical and energetic flows in the maize cultivation to the several production systems used in Ipanema Settling Area I, having as analysis instrument the indexes of Cultural, Energetic, Economical efficiency, to which were added the methodological proposal of Cultural Economical and Energetic Economical Efficiency indexes, built for probability settings. Four different systems have been identified: “A”, “B”, “C” and “D”. The energetic expenditure were, respectively, of 4,836.19 MJ x ha–1, 4,4647.17 MJ x ha–1, 4,639.49 MJ x ha–1 and 4,450.47 MJ x ha–1. In “A”, where the use of machines is more intensive, the participation of biological source energy was of 23.26%, whereas the ones of fossil origin are of 76.74%, while in “D” the biological and fossil source was, respectively, of 35.72% and 64.28%. The “D” system has the greatest Cultural Efficiency, with average index of 16.26, whereas “A” showed the lowest Cultural Efficiency indexes, with average values of 14.83. For the analysis of the Energetic Efficiency, that indicates the dependence of energy from non renewable sources, the highest index was the “D” system with an average index of 53.84, showing that, among the systems that have been studied, this is the one which presents the highest indexes, with average values 40% superior to “A” System and 20% superior to “B” and “C” systems. The Economical Efficiency Indexes, which ranged from 1.84 to 1.96, show...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The agriculture development in a recent period of time has, among other characteristics, an increase in the use of extra property farm inputs, especially those coming from oil, what brings to light the involved energetic flow issues and their economical and energetic sustainability. This paper, having as a hypothesis that greater energetic inputs do no keep ratio with economical outputs, has tried to study the economical and energetic flows in the maize cultivation to the several production systems used in Ipanema Settling Area I, having as analysis instrument the indexes of Cultural, Energetic, Economical efficiency, to which were added the methodological proposal of Cultural Economical and Energetic Economical Efficiency indexes, built for probability settings. Four different systems have been identified: “A”, “B”, “C” and “D”. The energetic expenditure were, respectively, of 4,836.19 MJ x ha–1, 4,4647.17 MJ x ha–1, 4,639.49 MJ x ha–1 and 4,450.47 MJ x ha–1. In “A”, where the use of machines is more intensive, the participation of biological source energy was of 23.26%, whereas the ones of fossil origin are of 76.74%, while in “D” the biological and fossil source was, respectively, of 35.72% and 64.28%. The “D” system has the greatest Cultural Efficiency, with average index of 16.26, whereas “A” showed the lowest Cultural Efficiency indexes, with average values of 14.83. For the analysis of the Energetic Efficiency, that indicates the dependence of energy from non renewable sources, the highest index was the “D” system with an average index of 53.84, showing that, among the systems that have been studied, this is the one which presents the highest indexes, with average values 40% superior to “A” System and 20% superior to “B” and “C” systems. The Economical Efficiency Indexes, which ranged from 1.84 to 1.96, show...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Balanço energetico (Geofisica), Assentamentos rurais, Milho, Agricultura, Energia
Como citar
ALMEIDA, Luís Carlos Ferreira de. Avaliação energética econômica da culturado milho em assentamento rural, Iperó-SP. 2007. xvii, 133 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2007.