Persistência de palhada e liberação de nutrientes do nabo forrageiro no plantio direto
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Data
2005-02-01
Autores
Crusciol, Carlos Alexandre Costa [UNESP]
Cottica, Roberto Luiz
Lima, Eduardo do Valle
Andreotti, Marcelo [UNESP]
Moro, Edemar
Marcon, Edílson
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
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Editor
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA)
Resumo
A palhada das plantas de cobertura, mantida sobre o solo no plantio direto, representa uma reserva de nutrientes para cultivos subseqüentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a decomposição e a liberação de macronutrientes de resíduos de nabo forrageiro. O experimento foi realizado no campo, durante o ano de 1998, no Município de Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR. O nabo forrageiro foi dessecado e manejado com rolo-faca 30 dias após a emergência. Avaliaram-se a persistência de palhada e a liberação de nutrientes dos resíduos aos 0, 13, 35 e 53 dias após o manejo. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. O nabo forrageiro produziu, até o estádio de pré-florescimento, elevada quantidade de massa seca da parte aérea em cultivo de inverno (2.938 kg ha-1), acumulando 57,2, 15,3, 85,7, 37,4, 12,5 e 14,0 kg ha-1, respectivamente, de N, P, K, Ca, Mg e S. O manejo do nabo forrageiro no estádio de pré-florescimento apresenta rápida degradação da palhada, acarretando liberação de quantidades significativas de macronutrientes. Os nutrientes disponibilizados em maior quantidade e velocidade para a cultura subseqüente, são o K e o N. A maior velocidade de liberação de macronutrientes pelo nabo forrageiro ocorre no período compreendido entre 10 e 20 dias após o manejo da fitomassa.
Straw of covering plants kept on soil surface in no-tillage system is an important source of nutrients for subsequent tillage. The objective of this work was to evaluate decomposition and macronutrients release from forage turnip residues. The experiment was set under field conditions during 1998 in Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR, Brazil. Forage turnip plants were desiccated and lodged 30 days after emergence. Straw persistence and nutrient release were evaluated at 0, 13, 35 and 53 days after management. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. Until pre-flowering stage, the forage turnip showed a great dry matter yield (2,938 kg ha-1) during winter growing and 57.2, 15.3, 85.7, 37.4, 12.5 and 14.0 kg ha-1 of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S were respectively accumulated. Forage turnip management at pre-flowering stage cause a quick straw degradation and macronutrients release. Potassium and nitrogen were released in the highest amounts and in the shortest time to the subsequent tillage. Quickest liberation of nutrients occurred between 10 to 20 days after plant management.
Straw of covering plants kept on soil surface in no-tillage system is an important source of nutrients for subsequent tillage. The objective of this work was to evaluate decomposition and macronutrients release from forage turnip residues. The experiment was set under field conditions during 1998 in Marechal Cândido Rondon, PR, Brazil. Forage turnip plants were desiccated and lodged 30 days after emergence. Straw persistence and nutrient release were evaluated at 0, 13, 35 and 53 days after management. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. Until pre-flowering stage, the forage turnip showed a great dry matter yield (2,938 kg ha-1) during winter growing and 57.2, 15.3, 85.7, 37.4, 12.5 and 14.0 kg ha-1 of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S were respectively accumulated. Forage turnip management at pre-flowering stage cause a quick straw degradation and macronutrients release. Potassium and nitrogen were released in the highest amounts and in the shortest time to the subsequent tillage. Quickest liberation of nutrients occurred between 10 to 20 days after plant management.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Raphanus sativus, resíduo vegetal, degradação de fitomassa, reciclagem de nutrientes, taxa de decomposição, Raphanus sativus, plant residue, phytomass degradation, nutrient recycling, decomposition rate
Como citar
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA) Informação TecnológicaPesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 40, n. 2, p. 161-168, 2005.