Avaliação do cádmio (Cd), chumbo (Pb), níquel (Ni) e zinco (Zn) em solos e plantas às margens de uma rodovia de tráfego intenso de veículos
Data
2003
Autores
Duarte, Rogéria Pãodian Saez [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho objetiva detectar a presença dos metais pesados – Cádmio (Cd), Chumbo (Pb), Níquel (Ni) e Zinco (Zn) – em estruturas biológicas como solos e plantas, em regiões consideradas como de risco para ocorrência desses elementos, provenientes da poluição ambiental emitida pelo tráfego de veículos automotores. As amostras foram coletadas ao longo de três locais do Estado de São Paulo, localizados ao longo da Rodovia Presidente Dutra, sentido São Paulo - Rio de Janeiro (km 183 - Fazenda São Judas Tadeu; km 156 - Base da Polícia Federal de São José dos Campos e Km 87 - Posto de Pedágio Moreira César). A primeira amostragem ocorreu em agosto de 1999, a segunda amostragem, em abril de 2000 e a terceira amostragem, em novembro de 2000. Para o presente estudo foram coletadas amostras de plantas e solos provenientes das margens e da “ilha” (sistema de separação de um lado do outro das pistas) da rodovia, totalizando 324 amostras, a saber: 216 amostras de solos em profundidade (0, 0-10 e 10- 20cm, no perfil do solo) e em distância da margem da rodovia (10, 20 e 30m) de cada local ao longo da rodovia; 108 amostras de plantas nos pontos de amostragem de solo na “ilha” e à distância da rodovia (15 e 30m da margem asfáltica). Para a obtenção dos extratos das amostras de solos, utilizou-se a extração por DTPA (ácido dietilenotriaminopentaacético + CaCl2 + trietanolamina), com agitação mecânica em bloco digestor; as amostras de plantas foram submetidas à digestão ácida com solução nítrico-perclórica (HNO3 + HClO4). Os extratos obtidos dos tratamentos químicos empregados nas amostras foram levados para a leitura em Espectrofotômetro de Absorção Atômica... .
The present study aims at detecting the presence of heavy metals – Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni) and Zinc (Zn) – in biological structures such as soil and vegetation, in regions considered as risk-areas for the occurrence of these elements, which originate from environment pollution from automobile fuel-combustion. Samples were collected in the vicinity of three locations in São Paulo State, along the Presidente Dutra Highway, on the São Paulo – Rio de Janeiro direction (São Judas Tadeu Farm, at km 183; Federal Police Office at São José dos Campos, at km 156; and Moreira César Toll Plaza, at km 87). The first sample collection took place in August 1999; the second one, in April 2000; and the last one occurred in November 2000. For this study, plant and soil samples were collected from the highway margins and median strips (system of separation of both sides of the lanes), in a total of 324 samples, organized as follows: 216 controlled-depth (0, 0-10 and 10-20cm-deep, at the soil’s profile) and controlled-distance from the margins (10, 20 and 30m) soil samples, at each location along the highway; 108 plant samples collected at the distance-controlled points of soil in the median strips collection (15 and 30m from highway margin). The extraction by DTPA (dietiletriaminopentaacetic acid + CaCl2 + trietanolamin) was used, for soil sample extracts with mechanical agitation in digesting block; plant samples were subjected to acid digestion with nitric-percloric solution (HNO3 + HClO4). Atomic Absorption Spectrofotrometrer for readings. Were used for extracts. Biological monitoring of the exposition does not exclude environmental monitoring, for both processes are valid and provide independent data which may, all in all, assess the exposition to toxic agents and their potential effects to human health and the environment... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
The present study aims at detecting the presence of heavy metals – Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni) and Zinc (Zn) – in biological structures such as soil and vegetation, in regions considered as risk-areas for the occurrence of these elements, which originate from environment pollution from automobile fuel-combustion. Samples were collected in the vicinity of three locations in São Paulo State, along the Presidente Dutra Highway, on the São Paulo – Rio de Janeiro direction (São Judas Tadeu Farm, at km 183; Federal Police Office at São José dos Campos, at km 156; and Moreira César Toll Plaza, at km 87). The first sample collection took place in August 1999; the second one, in April 2000; and the last one occurred in November 2000. For this study, plant and soil samples were collected from the highway margins and median strips (system of separation of both sides of the lanes), in a total of 324 samples, organized as follows: 216 controlled-depth (0, 0-10 and 10-20cm-deep, at the soil’s profile) and controlled-distance from the margins (10, 20 and 30m) soil samples, at each location along the highway; 108 plant samples collected at the distance-controlled points of soil in the median strips collection (15 and 30m from highway margin). The extraction by DTPA (dietiletriaminopentaacetic acid + CaCl2 + trietanolamin) was used, for soil sample extracts with mechanical agitation in digesting block; plant samples were subjected to acid digestion with nitric-percloric solution (HNO3 + HClO4). Atomic Absorption Spectrofotrometrer for readings. Were used for extracts. Biological monitoring of the exposition does not exclude environmental monitoring, for both processes are valid and provide independent data which may, all in all, assess the exposition to toxic agents and their potential effects to human health and the environment... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Efeito dos metais pesados, Poluição, Metais - Toxicologia, Heavy metals
Como citar
DUARTE, Rogéria Pãodian Saez. Avaliação do cádmio (Cd), chumbo (Pb), níquel (Ni) e zinco (Zn) em solos e plantas às margens de uma rodovia de tráfego intenso de veículos. 2003. x, 127 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2003.