Avaliação energética e econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e Brasil
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Data
2009-11-09
Autores
Romero, Maria Gloria Cabrera [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar os índices de eficiência energética e econômica por unidade de área do agroecossistema algodão em sistemas de produção familiares do Paraguai e Brasil e estabelecer a relação entre as abordagens energéticas e econômicas detalhando as principais variáveis que alteram os indicadores de eficiência energética e econômica. Considerou-se tipologias apresentadas pelo Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento de Pequenas Explorações Algodoeiras (Paraguai) e o Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (Brasil), ou seja, produtores enquadrados nos grupos tipificados e beneficiários pelos respectivos programas. Foram identificados e analisados sistemas agrícolas familiares, ambos localizados em regiões tipicamente algodoeira do Paraguai (San Juan Nepomuceno-Caazapá) e do Brasil (Leme-São Paulo). A cultura do algodão constitui-se em uma das atividades agrícolas de maior valor estratégico para o desenvolvimento regional e destaca-se ocupando mão-de-obra rural e gerando renda aos diversos agentes intervenientes no processo. Assim, considerou-se a importância desta cultura e observou-se a sua participação na produção agrícola familiar destes países. Tanto na construção da estrutura de dispêndios energéticos como na avaliação da eficiência econômica do agroecossistema algodão, considerou-se os valores médios obtidos, em função dos agricultores apresentarem semelhança em termos de sistemas produtivos e estarem dentro da tipificação proposta neste trabalho. A partir dos itinerários técnicos observados verificou-se que o agroecossistema paraguaio dependeu fundamentalmente de fonte fóssil, particularmente de óleo diesel (56,76%) e de fonte industrial (35,99%). Igualmente, estabeleceu-se o balanço...
The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy and economic efficiency indexes per unit of cotton agro-ecosystem area in family production systems of Paraguay and Brazil; and, to establish a relationship between the energy and economic approaches, detailing the main variables that alter the energy and economic efficiency indexes. Typologies presented by the Program to Support Small Cotton Holdings (Paraguay), and by the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Brazil), were considered; in other words, typical producers and beneficiaries of each program. Family agriculture systems of the two countries were identified and analyzed; these are located in typical cotton regions of Paraguay (San Juan Nepomuceno – Caazapá) and of Brazil (Leme – San Paulo). Cotton crop has major strategic value for regional development because occupy rural labor and generate income for people involved in the process. The importance of cotton crop was considered and its participation in family production systems of these countries was observed. To construct the energy expenditure structure of the cotton agro-ecosystem, as well as to assess the economic efficiency, the mean values obtained were considered, when they presented similarities in production systems and they were within the typology proposed in this study. From the technical itinerary observed, the Paraguayan agro-ecosystem depended fundamentally on fossil fuel (56.76%) and industrial source (35.99%). Thus, the energy balance of the agricultural stage was established, which attained a value of 17,740.69 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 5.28, and a cultural efficiency of 3.04. Nevertheless the Brazilian agro-ecosystem depended on energy from industrial source (insecticides 39.82%) and from... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy and economic efficiency indexes per unit of cotton agro-ecosystem area in family production systems of Paraguay and Brazil; and, to establish a relationship between the energy and economic approaches, detailing the main variables that alter the energy and economic efficiency indexes. Typologies presented by the Program to Support Small Cotton Holdings (Paraguay), and by the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Brazil), were considered; in other words, typical producers and beneficiaries of each program. Family agriculture systems of the two countries were identified and analyzed; these are located in typical cotton regions of Paraguay (San Juan Nepomuceno – Caazapá) and of Brazil (Leme – San Paulo). Cotton crop has major strategic value for regional development because occupy rural labor and generate income for people involved in the process. The importance of cotton crop was considered and its participation in family production systems of these countries was observed. To construct the energy expenditure structure of the cotton agro-ecosystem, as well as to assess the economic efficiency, the mean values obtained were considered, when they presented similarities in production systems and they were within the typology proposed in this study. From the technical itinerary observed, the Paraguayan agro-ecosystem depended fundamentally on fossil fuel (56.76%) and industrial source (35.99%). Thus, the energy balance of the agricultural stage was established, which attained a value of 17,740.69 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 5.28, and a cultural efficiency of 3.04. Nevertheless the Brazilian agro-ecosystem depended on energy from industrial source (insecticides 39.82%) and from... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Algodão, Agricultura familiar, Eficiência energética, Eficiência econômica, Energy efficiency, Economic efficiency, Cotton. eng
Como citar
ROMERO, Maria Gloria Cabrera. Avaliação energética e econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e Brasil. 2009. xvi, 183 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista , Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2009.