Associando o computador à resolução de problemas fechados: análise de uma experiência
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Data
2005-03-29
Autores
Allevato, Norma Suely Gomes [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar de que forma os alunos relacionam o que fazem na sala de aula, quando utilizam lápis e papel, com o que fazem no laboratório de informática, quando estão utilizando o computador na resolução de problemas fechados sobre funções. Ela foi desenvolvida seguindo a proposta metodológica de Romberg, a abordagem adotada foi do tipo qualitativa e a coleta de dados foi feita, essencialmente, por observação-participante em sala de aula, mas também foram utilizados questionários, entrevistas e análise documental. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida com alunos de 2o semestre do curso superior de Administração de Empresas. O conteúdo central que estava sendo estudado era funções e a metodologia de ensino adotada pelo professor era o ensino-aprendizagem de Matemática via resolução de problemas, particularmente problemas fechados e relacionados a temas da área de Negócios. A proposta didática para a pesquisa era levar os alunos a trabalhar com estes problemas utilizando o software gráfico Winplot. Problemas, no laboratório, muito parecidos com os que eram resolvidos em sala de aula, permitiram estabelecer um paralelo entre procedimentos e conhecimentos que os alunos utilizavam quando estavam sem o computador e quando estavam com ele. A mediação do software trouxe novas possibilidades no tocante aos processos de resolução dos problemas e causaram conflitos com as concepções prévias dos alunos sobre esta atividade. A especificidade do software e dos problemas fez emergir problemas secundários e tanto evidenciou lacunas de conhecimento, como foi veículo para o preenchimento dessas lacunas e para a construção de novos conhecimentos. Ainda, a ênfase na representação gráfica de funções, condicionada pelo software gráfico, permitiu aos alunos experimentar novas formas de considerar antigos conteúdos. Esta investigação também destacou a...
The objective of this study was to analyze how students relate what they do in the classroom, when using paper and pencil, with what they do in the computer laboratory, when using the computer to solve closed-ended problems about functions. It was done following the Romberg's methodological proposal, a qualitative research approach was used, and data collection involved mainly participant-observation in the classroom, although questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis were also employed. The study was carried out with university-level students of Business Administration in their second semester. The central theme being studied was functions, and the mathematics teaching-learning approach adopted by the teacher was problem solving, in particular, closed problems and those related to the field of business. The didactic proposal of the research was to guide the students in using the graphing software Winplot to work with the problems. The problems posed to the students in the laboratory were very similar to those solved in the classroom, which made it possible to draw parallels between the procedures and knowledge used by the students with and without the computer. The mediation of the software introduced new possibilities with respect to the problem-solving processes, and caused conflicts with students' previous conceptions regarding this activity. The specificity of the software and the problems posed caused secondary problems to emerge, and pointed to gaps in knowledge, as well as serving as a vehicle to fill these gaps and construct new knowledge. In addition, the emphasis on graphic representations of functions, resulting from the use of the graphing software, allowed students to experiment with new ways of considering old themes. This study also highlighted the language, from two perspectives. The data suggest that differences and similarities ... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
The objective of this study was to analyze how students relate what they do in the classroom, when using paper and pencil, with what they do in the computer laboratory, when using the computer to solve closed-ended problems about functions. It was done following the Romberg's methodological proposal, a qualitative research approach was used, and data collection involved mainly participant-observation in the classroom, although questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis were also employed. The study was carried out with university-level students of Business Administration in their second semester. The central theme being studied was functions, and the mathematics teaching-learning approach adopted by the teacher was problem solving, in particular, closed problems and those related to the field of business. The didactic proposal of the research was to guide the students in using the graphing software Winplot to work with the problems. The problems posed to the students in the laboratory were very similar to those solved in the classroom, which made it possible to draw parallels between the procedures and knowledge used by the students with and without the computer. The mediation of the software introduced new possibilities with respect to the problem-solving processes, and caused conflicts with students' previous conceptions regarding this activity. The specificity of the software and the problems posed caused secondary problems to emerge, and pointed to gaps in knowledge, as well as serving as a vehicle to fill these gaps and construct new knowledge. In addition, the emphasis on graphic representations of functions, resulting from the use of the graphing software, allowed students to experiment with new ways of considering old themes. This study also highlighted the language, from two perspectives. The data suggest that differences and similarities ... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Matematica - Processamento de dados, Educação matemática, Mathematics education
Como citar
ALLEVATO, Norma Suely Gomes. Associando o computador à resolução de problemas fechados: análise de uma experiência. 2005. x, 370 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2005.