Concepções e representações de envelhecimento e sujeito idoso: uma contribuição para o ensino mediante conhecimentos favoráveis à inserção social
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Data
2004-12-10
Autores
Carvalho, Cecília Barros [UNESP]
Título da Revista
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Nas sociedades contemporâneas é constante a preocupação das áreas de educação e saúde, referentes ao envelhecimento humano, isso pela dificuldade de inserção social dessa faixa etária. Dados estatísticos comprovam o envelhecimento populacional do Brasil, com aumento da expectativa de vida; porém existem e devem ser consideradas as implicações biológicas, psicológicas, econômicas e sociais do envelhecimento. Nosso objetivo neste trabalho foi analisar a influência da escola e das práticas pedagógicas na construção dos conceitos de 'envelhecimento humano' e 'sujeito idoso', além de investigar se elas oferecem uma educação favorável à inserção social. Foram avaliadas as concepções e representações sociais acerca do envelhecimento humano, através de questionários aplicados aos professores, alunos, seus pais e funcionários de várias escolas públicas e particulares da cidade de Marília (SP). Foi analisado o material didático utilizado nessas escolas, e constatado que nele, em geral, não é contemplado o tema envelhecimento humano. Também foram objeto de análise os documentos oficiais que norteiam a educação formal, como os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais. Os resultados mostraram também que alguns professores abordam o tema ao explanar doenças, ciclo vital, hábitos alimentares e ainda através da interdisciplinaridade com o ensino religioso, utilizando-se de estratégias didáticas como trabalhos em grupo, pesquisas, leitura de textos e observação de idosos. De forma geral, os professores julgam importante o enfoque do tema em aulas, pois isso pode promover mudanças de comportamento em relação aos idosos. Os professores, os pais e os alunos definem idosos como pessoas com experiência de vida e sabedoria, enquanto os funcionários os definem como pessoas carentes que precisam de atenção, respeito e carinho... .
In contemporany societies, the educational and health areas are constantly concerned about the human aging because the social insertion of ederly people is really difficult. Statistical data confirm the population aging in Brazil with an increase in life expectancy; nevertheless, there are biological, psychological, economical and social implications of aging that must be considered. This paper was aimed at analyzing the influence of school and pedagogical practices on the construction of human aging and elderly subject concepts and also at investigating if these practices offer a favorable education for social insertion. Social concepts and representations related to human aing were evaluated by means of questionnaires answered by teachers, students, parents and employees in several public and private schools in Marília city (SP). The educational material used in these schools was analyzed and it was verified that, in general, it does not include the human aging topic. Official documents that direct the formal education, such as National Curricular Parameters, were also analysed. The results also showed that some teachers broach the topic by giving information about diseases, vital cycle, eating habits and thorugh interdiscipline with religious teaching, using educational strategies such as group assignments, research, reading of texts and observation of elderly people. Teachers, in general, consider it important to focus the topic during the classes because this can cause behavuir changes concerned to elderly people. Teachers, parents and studentes define elderly people as who have life experience and wisdom, while employees define them as people who need attention, respect and affction. Teachers point the family, the society itself and architectural barriers as social exclusion factors for elderly people. Students mention bank and... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
In contemporany societies, the educational and health areas are constantly concerned about the human aging because the social insertion of ederly people is really difficult. Statistical data confirm the population aging in Brazil with an increase in life expectancy; nevertheless, there are biological, psychological, economical and social implications of aging that must be considered. This paper was aimed at analyzing the influence of school and pedagogical practices on the construction of human aging and elderly subject concepts and also at investigating if these practices offer a favorable education for social insertion. Social concepts and representations related to human aing were evaluated by means of questionnaires answered by teachers, students, parents and employees in several public and private schools in Marília city (SP). The educational material used in these schools was analyzed and it was verified that, in general, it does not include the human aging topic. Official documents that direct the formal education, such as National Curricular Parameters, were also analysed. The results also showed that some teachers broach the topic by giving information about diseases, vital cycle, eating habits and thorugh interdiscipline with religious teaching, using educational strategies such as group assignments, research, reading of texts and observation of elderly people. Teachers, in general, consider it important to focus the topic during the classes because this can cause behavuir changes concerned to elderly people. Teachers, parents and studentes define elderly people as who have life experience and wisdom, while employees define them as people who need attention, respect and affction. Teachers point the family, the society itself and architectural barriers as social exclusion factors for elderly people. Students mention bank and... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Envelhecimento - Aspéctos psicológicos, Idosos - Inclusão social, Envelhecimento populacional, Education, Elderly people, Human aging, Population aging
Como citar
CARVALHO, Cecília Barros. Concepções e representações de envelhecimento e sujeito idoso: uma contribuição para o ensino mediante conhecimentos favoráveis à inserção social. 2004. 193 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências ou Dissertação, 2004.