Milho alto óleo - parâmetros genéticos, correlações entre modelos fixo e misto e seleção
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Data
2010-06-22
Autores
Solferini, Otávio Briganti [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
As correlações entre os componentes das dimensões do grão e do embrião, corn o caráter alto óleo, no grão de milho, foram obtidas a partir de 250 linhagens de milho com diferentes teores de óleo, tendo como objetivo encontrar a melhor variável para seleção indireta e com a maior resposta correlacionada para o caráter porcentagem de óleo no grão de milho. As correlações genotípicas entre os caráters foram desdobrados em efeitos diretos e indiretos, via análise de trilha. Os caracteres com as maiores correlações foram os componentes da dimensäo do embrião e, dentre estes, o comprimento do embrião foi o que obteve a maior correlação direta e indireta e forneceu a resposta correlacionada mais próxima da seleção direta no caráter porcentagem de óleo no grão. As 315 linhagens irmãs de milho com diferentes teores de óleo no grão, produzidas pela técnica de duplo haplóides, foram testadas em sete ensaios avaliados dentro de seis ambientes no Brasil Central de forma balanceada e não balanceada. Foram avaliadas três metodologias para a estimativa dos parâmetros genéticos, a metodologia tradicional, a metodologia REML/BLUP com variância homogênea (BLUP Homo), a metodologia RML/BLUP com variância heterogênea (BLUP Hetero). A metodologia BLUP Homo estimou os mesmos valores das variâncias genética, da interação genótipo por ambiente, do erro e da herdabilidade que a metodologia tradicional quando os dados foram balanceados. BLUP Hetero apresentou menor estimativa da variância da interação genótipo por ambiente, maior estimativa da variância genética e maior estimativa da herdabilidade. As metodologias BLUP Homo e BLUP Hetero mostraram maior poder de discriminação das estimativas da porcentagem de óleo nos grãos. A metodologia BLUP Hetero apresentou as menores estimativas do desvio...
The feed and oil industries have a very high expectation towards High Oil Corn. Corn breeding programs focused in developing high oil varieties have improved primarily in temperate regions. There is a lack of information about high oil corn in tropical areas and with tropical germplasm. Three hundred and fifteen inbred lines developed from a cross between two contrasting inbred lines for percentage of oil in the grain were tested as top-crosses in seven trials evaluated inside six environments in Central Brazil in a balanced and non balanced situation as the trials were planted in four locations. Three methodologies were evaluated to estimate the genetic parameters, the traditional methodology, the REML/BLUP methodology with homogeneous variance, and the REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance. The REML/BLUP with homogeneous variance had estimated the same values for genetic variance, genotype by environments interaction variance, error variance and the heritability estimate when compared with traditional methodology with balanced data. The REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance have shown small estimate of the genotype x environment variance, higher estimative of the genetic variance and a higher estimate of heritability. The REML/BLUP with homogeneous variance and REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance have shown higher power in discriminating the estimate. The REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance has shown the lowest standard deviation indicating a higher power in separating the estimate when compared with the others methods tested. The replacement of the selected genotypes by the traditional methodology of genotypes selected by the methodologies REML/BLUP with homogeneous and heterogeneous variance have been due to the lower estimative of the error variance inside and in between... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The feed and oil industries have a very high expectation towards High Oil Corn. Corn breeding programs focused in developing high oil varieties have improved primarily in temperate regions. There is a lack of information about high oil corn in tropical areas and with tropical germplasm. Three hundred and fifteen inbred lines developed from a cross between two contrasting inbred lines for percentage of oil in the grain were tested as top-crosses in seven trials evaluated inside six environments in Central Brazil in a balanced and non balanced situation as the trials were planted in four locations. Three methodologies were evaluated to estimate the genetic parameters, the traditional methodology, the REML/BLUP methodology with homogeneous variance, and the REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance. The REML/BLUP with homogeneous variance had estimated the same values for genetic variance, genotype by environments interaction variance, error variance and the heritability estimate when compared with traditional methodology with balanced data. The REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance have shown small estimate of the genotype x environment variance, higher estimative of the genetic variance and a higher estimate of heritability. The REML/BLUP with homogeneous variance and REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance have shown higher power in discriminating the estimate. The REML/BLUP with heterogeneous variance has shown the lowest standard deviation indicating a higher power in separating the estimate when compared with the others methods tested. The replacement of the selected genotypes by the traditional methodology of genotypes selected by the methodologies REML/BLUP with homogeneous and heterogeneous variance have been due to the lower estimative of the error variance inside and in between... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Milho - Genética, Correlação (Estatistica)
Como citar
SOLFERINI, Otávio Briganti. Milho alto óleo - parâmetros genéticos, correlações entre modelos fixo e misto e seleção. 2010. xi, 144 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2010.