Mercúrio em solos da sub-bacia do rio Corumbiara/RO: análise do padrão espacial da dispersão
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Data
2009-02-13
Autores
Herrmann, João Carlos [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Neste estudo, através de uso de ferramentas geoestatísticas, foi estabelecido e analisado o padrão de dispersão do mercúrio total em solos da sub-bacia do rio Corumbiara, estado de Rondônia, nas profundidades de 0 a 10 cm e 10 a 30 cm, considerando-se ainda a geologia e a geomorfologia da área na sua interpretação. Os resultados obtidos através de espectrofotometria de absorção atômica, indicam um valor médio de mercúrio para os solos da sub-bacia de 74,54 μg.kg-1, sendo 72,91 μg.kg-1 na profundidade de 0 a 10 cm e 76,18 μg.kg-1 na profundidade de 10 a 30 cm, em geral inferiores aos de outras regiões da Amazônia. O padrão de dispersão em ambas as profundidades mostra-se semelhante. Os Neossolos Quartzarênicos apresentaram as maiores concentrações médias de mercúrio total, da ordem de 112,61 μg.kg-1, seguido pelos Latossolos com 100,92 μg.kg-1, Argissolos com 88,60 μg.kg-1, Neossolos Flúvicos com 63,09 μg.kg-1 e Gleissolos com 32,96 μg.kg-1. A análise do padrão de dispersão permitiu identificar que o rio Corumbiara tem suas nascentes e a de seus principais tributários posicionadas na parte alta da sub-bacia, onde se encontram os solos com as maiores concentrações relativas de mercúrio total, em unidades geomorfológicas de natureza erosiva e sob impacto da ocupação antrópica. O médio curso e foz do rio Corumbiara se localizam na parte baixa da sub-bacia, dominada por unidade geomorfológica de natureza deposicional, com solos com as menores concentrações relativas de mercúrio. O aparente paradoxo entre a elevada concentração relativa de mercúrio total nos solos erodidos pelo rio Corumbiara e as concentrações relativamente baixas nos solos da área de deposição, pode ser explicado pela natureza pantanosa do ambiente de deposição, o qual favorece a metilação e a remoção do mercúrio destes sedimentos.
Using geostatistical tools, this study analysed and identified the dispersal pattern of total mercury in soils from the Corumbiara River sub-basin, Rondônia. The samples were taken from depths of 0 to 10 cm and 10 to 30 cm. This interpretation took into consideration the geology and geomorphology of the region. The results obtained through Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry (AAS) indicate an average value of mercury in the sub-basin soils of 74.54 μg.kg-1. The shallower sample horizon averaged 72.91 μg.kg-1 while the deeper averaged 76.18 μg.kg-1. These values are generally lower than those in other regions of the Amazon. The dispersion patterns are similar for both sample sets. The Arenosols had the highest average concentrations of total mercury, of the order of 112,61 μg.kg-1, followed by Oxisols with 100,92 μg.kg-1, Argisols with 88,60 μg.kg-1, Fluvisols with 63,09 μg.kg-1 and Gleysols with 32,96 μg.kg-1. Analysis of the dispersion patterns identified that the highest concentrations of mercury are found in soils located in the upper sub-basin, which are dominated by erosive geomorphological units and under impact of human occupation. The average course and mouth of the Corumbiara River is located in the lower part of the subbasin. This is dominated by geomorphological units of a depositional nature and with soils with lower concentrations of mercury. The apparent paradox between the high concentration of total mercury in sediments eroded by the Corumbiara River and the relatively low concentrations in sediments in the deposition area can be explained by the nature of the wetland environment of deposition. This wetland environment promotes the methylation of mercury and the removal of these sediments.
Using geostatistical tools, this study analysed and identified the dispersal pattern of total mercury in soils from the Corumbiara River sub-basin, Rondônia. The samples were taken from depths of 0 to 10 cm and 10 to 30 cm. This interpretation took into consideration the geology and geomorphology of the region. The results obtained through Atomic Absorption Spectrofotometry (AAS) indicate an average value of mercury in the sub-basin soils of 74.54 μg.kg-1. The shallower sample horizon averaged 72.91 μg.kg-1 while the deeper averaged 76.18 μg.kg-1. These values are generally lower than those in other regions of the Amazon. The dispersion patterns are similar for both sample sets. The Arenosols had the highest average concentrations of total mercury, of the order of 112,61 μg.kg-1, followed by Oxisols with 100,92 μg.kg-1, Argisols with 88,60 μg.kg-1, Fluvisols with 63,09 μg.kg-1 and Gleysols with 32,96 μg.kg-1. Analysis of the dispersion patterns identified that the highest concentrations of mercury are found in soils located in the upper sub-basin, which are dominated by erosive geomorphological units and under impact of human occupation. The average course and mouth of the Corumbiara River is located in the lower part of the subbasin. This is dominated by geomorphological units of a depositional nature and with soils with lower concentrations of mercury. The apparent paradox between the high concentration of total mercury in sediments eroded by the Corumbiara River and the relatively low concentrations in sediments in the deposition area can be explained by the nature of the wetland environment of deposition. This wetland environment promotes the methylation of mercury and the removal of these sediments.
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Palavras-chave
Geoquimica, Geologia - Métodos estatísticos, Mercurio, Solos, Corumbiara, Rio (RO), Dispersão, Soils, Geology
Como citar
HERRMANN, João Carlos. Mercúrio em solos da sub-bacia do rio Corumbiara/RO: análise do padrão espacial da dispersão. 2009. 88 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, 2009.