Enxertia, potássio e magnésio na nutrição, desenvolvimento e produção de pepino
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Data
2001-11
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito de doses de potássio e magnésio sobre o desenvolvimento, produção de frutos, concentração de nutrientes, em diferentes fases fisiológicas do pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) e verificar se o ponto de enxertia fez a função de filtro para esses nutrientes, um experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido na Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP-Botucatu. Em plantas de pepino hibrido Hokuho enxertadas em abóbora (Cucurbita sp.) híbrido Excite Ikki, e conduzidas em vasos plásticos de 10 litros de capacidade, foram estudadas quatro doses de potássio (2,3 - 4,6 - 6,9 e 9,2 mmolc.dm-3 ) e quatro de magnésio (4,5 - 9,0 - 13,5 - e 18,0 mmolc.dm-3), mais uma testemunha que correspondeu ao pé-franco com a adubação recomendada (4,6 e 9,0 mmolc.dm-3 de K e Mg). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com 17 tratamentos (fatorial 4x4+1) e 4 repetições, 5 plantas/parcela, das quais três foram consideradas úteis. De um modo geral verificou-se que a enxertia e a adubação com os diferentes níveis de potássio e magnésio influenciaram o desenvolvimento da planta, a produção de frutos, o estado nutricional nas diferentes fases fisiológicas e a distribuição dos nutrientes na planta ao final do ciclo. As plantas enxertadas se desenvolveram mais que as não enxertadas, porém, a produção de frutos em kg/m2 não aumentou na mesma proporção. No entanto, sob altas doses de potássio e magnésio, as plantas enxertadas se desenvolveram mais, porém, não aumentaram a produção. As doses de 2,3 mmolc.dm-3 de K e 9,0 mmolc.dm-3 de Mg foram suficientes para atingir a máxima produção. Por outro lado, as menores concentrações...
It was set out an experiment on protected cultivation at FCAUNESP- Botucatu to study magnesium and potassium levels effect on plant development, fruit yield, nutrient concentration, in different physiological stages of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) and verify if grafting point was a filter to these nutrients. Hokuho hybrid cucumber plants were grafted over Excite Ikki hybrid squash (Cucurbita sp.) and planted in plastic pots (10 L). Four potassium levels (2.3 - 4.6 - 6.9 and 9.2 mmolc.dm-3) and four magnesium levels (4.5 - 9.0 - 13.5 and 18.0 mmolc.dm-3) were studied in grafted plants and recommended level (4.6 and 9.0 mmolc.dm-3 of K and Mg, respectively) in plants without grafting (standard). Five replicates of five plants per plot were used to evaluate 17 treatments (factorial 4x4+1) in a randomized block design. In general, grafting and different K and Mg levels influenced plant development, fruit yield, nutritional state at different stages and plant nutrient distribution at end of cycle. Grafted plants developed more than non grafted ones, but fruit yield (kg/m2) did not increase at the same proportion. however, under high potassium and magnesium levels grafted plants developed more, but yield were not increased. K level of 2.3 mmolc.dm-3 and Mg level of 9,0 mmolc.dm-3 were enough to get maximum yield. On the other hand, lesser P, Mg and S concentration and absortion observed in grafted plants leaves, at end of cycle, could be associated to these nutrients redistribution from leaves to fruits, because grafted plants had higher yield, and grafting point or callus of region grafting did not have filter function to any nutrient.
It was set out an experiment on protected cultivation at FCAUNESP- Botucatu to study magnesium and potassium levels effect on plant development, fruit yield, nutrient concentration, in different physiological stages of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L.) and verify if grafting point was a filter to these nutrients. Hokuho hybrid cucumber plants were grafted over Excite Ikki hybrid squash (Cucurbita sp.) and planted in plastic pots (10 L). Four potassium levels (2.3 - 4.6 - 6.9 and 9.2 mmolc.dm-3) and four magnesium levels (4.5 - 9.0 - 13.5 and 18.0 mmolc.dm-3) were studied in grafted plants and recommended level (4.6 and 9.0 mmolc.dm-3 of K and Mg, respectively) in plants without grafting (standard). Five replicates of five plants per plot were used to evaluate 17 treatments (factorial 4x4+1) in a randomized block design. In general, grafting and different K and Mg levels influenced plant development, fruit yield, nutritional state at different stages and plant nutrient distribution at end of cycle. Grafted plants developed more than non grafted ones, but fruit yield (kg/m2) did not increase at the same proportion. however, under high potassium and magnesium levels grafted plants developed more, but yield were not increased. K level of 2.3 mmolc.dm-3 and Mg level of 9,0 mmolc.dm-3 were enough to get maximum yield. On the other hand, lesser P, Mg and S concentration and absortion observed in grafted plants leaves, at end of cycle, could be associated to these nutrients redistribution from leaves to fruits, because grafted plants had higher yield, and grafting point or callus of region grafting did not have filter function to any nutrient.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Pepino, Enxertia, Potassio, Magnesio, Grafting
Como citar
CAÑIZARES, Kathia Alexandra Lara. Enxertia, potássio e magnésio na nutrição, desenvolvimento e produção de pepino. 2001. xvii, 158 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2001.