Condições de aplicação de água em cinco cultivares de trigo em ambiente protegido
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Data
2009-01-28
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Foram conduzidos dois experimentos: I. em vasos construídos com anéis de PVC, de diâmetro nominal de 0,15m e altura de 0,07m, unidos para proporcionar quatro alturas: 0,21 m, 0,35 m, 0,49 m e 0,63 m, correspondendo aos seguintes níveis freáticos: 0,17 m, 0,31 m, 0,45 m e 0,59 m de profundidade, a fim de estudar seus efeitos na produção de matéria seca e evapotranspiração real em cinco cultivares de trigo, IAC 24, IAC 350, IAC 364, IAC 375 e BR 18. No experimento II, utilizaram-se vasos plásticos de cor preta com capacidade de cinco kg de solo, com objetivo de avaliar os efeitos de quatro níveis de potencial mínimo de água no solo: Capilaridade (CC), - 0,035 MPa, - 0,070 MPa, -1,50 MPa para as mesmas variáveis e variedades. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados nos dois experimentos, com três repetições, totalizando 60 parcelas em cada um. Os experimentos I e II foram instalados em ambientes protegidos e condições diferentes, e permitiram inferir as seguintes conclusões: Os tratamentos intermediários do Experimento I (profundidades de lençol 0,31 m e 0,45 m) mostraram tendência de maiores perdas de água que os de 0,17 m e 0,59 m. Houve também maiores valores para os teores relativos de água (TRA) nos tratamentos intermediários e as cultivares BR 18 e IAC 375 tiveram maiores TRA para todos os tratamentos, evidenciando terem tendência a maior tolerância à seca para as mesmas condições de umidade do solo. No Experimento I, a produção de matéria seca da parte aérea e 2 de grãos foi mais elevada na cultivar BR -18 em relação as IAC - 24 e IAC - 364 e semelhante as IAC - 350 e IAC - 375. Os tratamentos 0,31 m e 0,45 m mostraram maior produção para as duas variáveis citadas em relação aos tratamentos 0,17 m e 0,59 m. Não houve diferença estatística entre os tratamentos e os cultivares para matéria seca das raízes, apenas para...
Two experiments were conducted: I. in pots built with PVC rings, with nominal diameter of 0.15 m and height of 0. 07 m, attached to provide four heights: 0.21 m, 0.35 m, 0.49 m and 0.63 m, corresponding to the following water level depths: 0.17 m, 0.31 m, 0.45 m and 0,59m, in order to study their effects on dry matter production and real evapotranspiration in five varieties of wheat, IAC 24, IAC 350, IAC 364, IAC 375 and BR18. In the experiment II , were used black colored plastic pots with five kilograms of soil capacity, to evaluate effects of four minimum soil water potential levels: Capillarity (CC), -0,035 MPa, -0,070 MPa and -1.50 MPa for the same variables and varieties. It was used a block experimental design randomized in the two experiments, with three repetitions. The experiments I and II have been installed in different protected environments and allowed infering the following conclusions: The experiment I, intermediary treatments (0.31 m and 0.45 m) showed trend to a greater water loss than 0.17 m and 0.59 m. There were also greater values for relative water content (RWC) in intermediary treatments, and varieties BR - 18 and IAC - 375 had larger RWC for all processing, showing a tendency to a greater tolerance to drought; In experiment I, the dry matter production from air part and grain was higher in varietie IAC - 18 comparing to the varieties IAC - 24 and IAC - 364 and similar to the IAC - 350 and IAC - 375. The treatments 0.31 m and 0.45 m showed greater productionfor the two variables listed before for treatments 0,17 m and 0,59 m. There was no statistical difference among treatments and crops related to the dry matter of roots, only in water depth 0.31 m, the BR - 18 stood out with larger values comparing to the others. In experiment II, treatments with greater minimum water potentials showed the greatest evapotranspiration values, considering in order of decreasing... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Two experiments were conducted: I. in pots built with PVC rings, with nominal diameter of 0.15 m and height of 0. 07 m, attached to provide four heights: 0.21 m, 0.35 m, 0.49 m and 0.63 m, corresponding to the following water level depths: 0.17 m, 0.31 m, 0.45 m and 0,59m, in order to study their effects on dry matter production and real evapotranspiration in five varieties of wheat, IAC 24, IAC 350, IAC 364, IAC 375 and BR18. In the experiment II , were used black colored plastic pots with five kilograms of soil capacity, to evaluate effects of four minimum soil water potential levels: Capillarity (CC), -0,035 MPa, -0,070 MPa and -1.50 MPa for the same variables and varieties. It was used a block experimental design randomized in the two experiments, with three repetitions. The experiments I and II have been installed in different protected environments and allowed infering the following conclusions: The experiment I, intermediary treatments (0.31 m and 0.45 m) showed trend to a greater water loss than 0.17 m and 0.59 m. There were also greater values for relative water content (RWC) in intermediary treatments, and varieties BR - 18 and IAC - 375 had larger RWC for all processing, showing a tendency to a greater tolerance to drought; In experiment I, the dry matter production from air part and grain was higher in varietie IAC - 18 comparing to the varieties IAC - 24 and IAC - 364 and similar to the IAC - 350 and IAC - 375. The treatments 0.31 m and 0.45 m showed greater productionfor the two variables listed before for treatments 0,17 m and 0,59 m. There was no statistical difference among treatments and crops related to the dry matter of roots, only in water depth 0.31 m, the BR - 18 stood out with larger values comparing to the others. In experiment II, treatments with greater minimum water potentials showed the greatest evapotranspiration values, considering in order of decreasing... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Trigo, Irrigação, Trigo - Cultivo, Wheat - irrigation. eng, Soil water. eng, Wheat - crop
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Leopoldo de Avila. Condições de aplicação de água em cinco cultivares de trigo em ambiente protegido. 2009. vii,68 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2009.