Morfometria de compartimentos hidrológicos e qualidade hídrica do município de Batatais-SP
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Data
2013-10-22
Autores
Zanata, Marcelo [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os objetivos deste trabalho foram os de comparar características morfométricas de compartimentos hidrológicos do município de Batatais nos resultados obtidos de variáveis dimensionais e do relevo a partir da vetorização realizada no sistema de informação geográfica (SIG) e no programa de modelagem SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), monitorar as características físico-químicas das águas superficiais de algumas nascentes, no intuito de verificar a alteração ambiental em relação ao uso/ocupação do solo dessas microbacias, e correlacionar essas alterações ambientais na análise exploratória multivariada. Os resultados mostram que o SWAT utiliza o modelo digital de elevação, fato que o torna mais apropriado para indicar o maior comprimento do fundo do vale, denominado de Longest path, que o maior comprimento em linha reta entre o deflúvio e a maior cota obtida pelo SIG. Assim, o modelo SWAT não pode ser utilizado para a análise morfométrica completa dos compartimentos hidrológicos, pois não obtém dados suficientes para os cálculos de variáveis dimensionais e do relevo. A análise morfométrica dos compartimentos hidrológicos do município de Batatais indica que essas bacias são menos susceptíveis à degradação ambiental por ser mais alongada que circular em relevo suave ondulado. As medidas de temperatura (TºC), pH, condutividade elétrica (CE) e sólidos dissolvidos totais (SDT) foram obtidas a partir das águas das nascentes e analisadas através da estatística multivariada. Os dados de monitoramento do recurso hídrico mostram estreita relação entre as variáveis SDT e CE, com maior evidencia em relação ao ambiente da microbacia B8, nos meses de dezembro de 2009 e abril de 2011, quando registrou-se o uso de herbicida para controle da braquiária ao redor de sua nascente principal. A alta pluviosidade e os resíduos da atividade agrícola...
The objectives of this study were to compare the morphometric characteristics of hydrological compartments of the municipality of Batatais at the results of the dimensional and the relief variables in a geographic information system (GIS) vectorization and in the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of surface waters of some springs, in order to verify the environmental change in the landuse/landcover of these watersheds and to correlate these environmental changes in an exploratory multivariate analysis. The results showed that SWAT uses the digital elevation model to obtain some physical characteristics, which is appropriated to indicate the greater length of the valley, called Longest path, the longest straight between the runoff and the largest altitude obtained by the GIS. Thus, the SWAT model cannot be used for a complete morphometric analysis on hydrological compartments because it does not obtain sufficient information for calculation of the dimensional and relief variables. The morphometric analysis of hydrological compartments of the municipality of Batatais indicates that these basins are less susceptible to environmental degradation by being more elongated than circular. Measures of the temperature (TºC), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were obtained from the spring waters and analyzed by multivariate statistics. Monitoring data of water resources showed a close relationship between the EC and TDS variables, mostly related to the environment of the B8 watershed, at December, 2009 and April, 2011, when it was recorded the use of herbicide to control brachiaria around its spring. The high rainfall and waste of agricultural activity (burning, correction and fertilization) caused changes in water resources of the B8 watershed, that is surrounded by sugarcane. Multivariate analysis showed that the ...
The objectives of this study were to compare the morphometric characteristics of hydrological compartments of the municipality of Batatais at the results of the dimensional and the relief variables in a geographic information system (GIS) vectorization and in the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), to analyze the physical and chemical characteristics of surface waters of some springs, in order to verify the environmental change in the landuse/landcover of these watersheds and to correlate these environmental changes in an exploratory multivariate analysis. The results showed that SWAT uses the digital elevation model to obtain some physical characteristics, which is appropriated to indicate the greater length of the valley, called Longest path, the longest straight between the runoff and the largest altitude obtained by the GIS. Thus, the SWAT model cannot be used for a complete morphometric analysis on hydrological compartments because it does not obtain sufficient information for calculation of the dimensional and relief variables. The morphometric analysis of hydrological compartments of the municipality of Batatais indicates that these basins are less susceptible to environmental degradation by being more elongated than circular. Measures of the temperature (TºC), pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solids (TDS) were obtained from the spring waters and analyzed by multivariate statistics. Monitoring data of water resources showed a close relationship between the EC and TDS variables, mostly related to the environment of the B8 watershed, at December, 2009 and April, 2011, when it was recorded the use of herbicide to control brachiaria around its spring. The high rainfall and waste of agricultural activity (burning, correction and fertilization) caused changes in water resources of the B8 watershed, that is surrounded by sugarcane. Multivariate analysis showed that the ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cana-de-açúcar, Escoamento, Sistemas de informação geografica, Morfometria, Água - Qualidade, Microbacias Hidrográficas, Water quality
Como citar
ZANATA, Marcelo. Morfometria de compartimentos hidrológicos e qualidade hídrica do município de Batatais-SP. 2013. viii, 87 p. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal, 2013.