Processamento mínimo de pêssegos ‘Aurora-1’: estádio de maturação, embalagens, temperaturas de conservação e aditivos naturais
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Data
2010-05-13
Autores
Martins, Ramilo Nogueira [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o estádio de maturação, tipos de embalagens, uso de aditivos naturais e temperaturas de armazenamento de pêssegos „Aurora-1‟ minimamente processados visando sua qualidade e manutenção da vida de prateleira. Os frutos foram adquiridos em pomar comercial localizado no município de Taiúva-SP nos meses de outubro e novembro de 2007 e 2008. O trabalho foi dividido em cinco experimentos: no primeiro foram estudados estádios de maturação “de vez” e “maduro”. No segundo testou-se o efeito da aplicação de ácido ascórbico ou cloreto de cálcio. No terceiro verificou-se o efeito de embalagens como atmosfera modificada passiva. No quarto, foi verificado o efeito de temperaturas de refrigeração e tipos de cortes. No quinto testou-se o efeito da aplicação de ácido ascórbico, l-cisteína, ácido ascórbico e cloreto de cálcio, ácido cítrico e isoascorbato de sódio na prevenção do escurecimento enzimático. As análises de aparência, massa fresca, firmeza, coloração, composição gasosa, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, razão sólidos/acidez, pH, açúcares solúveis e redutores, pectina total e solúvel, solubilização, ácido ascórbico, atividade das enzimas peroxidase e polifenoloxidase foram efetuadas a cada três dias para os experimentos 1, 2, 3 e 5 e, a cada quatro dias para o quarto experimento. Frutos no estádio de maturação “de vez” levaram a produtos com melhor aparência e maiores teores de açúcares e de ácido ascórbico. Produtos tratados com ácido ascórbico a 2% apresentaram melhor aparência, maior conteúdo de açúcares e de ácido ascórbico, manutenção da cor e menor atividade enzimática. O filme de PVC 14 μm proporcionou boa conservação da aparência e prevenção do escurecimento dos produtos. A interação do armazenamento a 3 ºC e corte do fruto em oito fatias proporcionaram...
This study aimed to evaluate the maturation stage, packaging types, natural additives use and storage temperatures of minimally processed „Aurora-1‟ peaches in order to maintain their quality and shelf life. The fruits were purchased from a commercial orchard in the area of Taiúva-SP in October and November, 2007 and 2008. The work was divided in five experiments: in the first one, maturated green and maturated stages were studied. In the second one, it was tested the effect of ascorbic acid or calcium chloride application. In the third one, it was observed the packaging effect as passive modified atmosphere. In the fourth one, it was showed the effect of cooling temperatures and cutting types. In the fifth one, it was tested the effect of ascorbic acid, l-cysteine, ascorbic acid and calcium chloride, citric acid and sodium isoascorbate to prevent enzymatic browning. Analyses of appearance, fresh weight, firmness, color, gas composition, soluble solids, acidity, ratio, pH, soluble and reducing sugars, total and soluble pectin, solubilization, ascorbic acid, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activity were done each three days for the first, second, third and fifth experiments, and each four days for the fourth one. Matured green fruits led to products with better appearance and higher levels of sugars and ascorbic acid. Products treated with 2% ascorbic acid showed a better appearance, higher content of sugars and ascorbic acid, color maintenance, and lower enzymatic activity. 14μm PVC film use showed good appearance preservation and browning prevention of the products. Interaction between storage at 3°C and fruit cutting into eight slices provided the best product appearance, with a higher content of soluble solids. 1% Cysteine gave non-characteristic product odor, which limited its use. Minimally processed 'Aurora-1' peaches can be sold for up to nine days, when matured... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
This study aimed to evaluate the maturation stage, packaging types, natural additives use and storage temperatures of minimally processed „Aurora-1‟ peaches in order to maintain their quality and shelf life. The fruits were purchased from a commercial orchard in the area of Taiúva-SP in October and November, 2007 and 2008. The work was divided in five experiments: in the first one, maturated green and maturated stages were studied. In the second one, it was tested the effect of ascorbic acid or calcium chloride application. In the third one, it was observed the packaging effect as passive modified atmosphere. In the fourth one, it was showed the effect of cooling temperatures and cutting types. In the fifth one, it was tested the effect of ascorbic acid, l-cysteine, ascorbic acid and calcium chloride, citric acid and sodium isoascorbate to prevent enzymatic browning. Analyses of appearance, fresh weight, firmness, color, gas composition, soluble solids, acidity, ratio, pH, soluble and reducing sugars, total and soluble pectin, solubilization, ascorbic acid, peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase activity were done each three days for the first, second, third and fifth experiments, and each four days for the fourth one. Matured green fruits led to products with better appearance and higher levels of sugars and ascorbic acid. Products treated with 2% ascorbic acid showed a better appearance, higher content of sugars and ascorbic acid, color maintenance, and lower enzymatic activity. 14μm PVC film use showed good appearance preservation and browning prevention of the products. Interaction between storage at 3°C and fruit cutting into eight slices provided the best product appearance, with a higher content of soluble solids. 1% Cysteine gave non-characteristic product odor, which limited its use. Minimally processed 'Aurora-1' peaches can be sold for up to nine days, when matured... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Prumus persica, Antioxidant, Modified atmosphere, minimally processed, Harvest point, Cold storage, Pêssego, Antioxidantes, Processamento mínimo
Como citar
MARTINS, Ramilo Nogueira. Processamento mínimo de pêssegos ‘Aurora-1’: estádio de maturação, embalagens, temperaturas de conservação e aditivos naturais. 2010. ix, 134 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2010.