Atributos físicos, químicos e mineralógicos de um Latossolo Vermelho Eutroférrico sob dois sistemas de colheita de cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2011-03-28
Autores
Barbieri, Diogo Mazza [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A cana-de-açúcar aparece atualmente no cenário agrícola brasileiro como uma das principais culturas, apresentando-se em grande expansão não somente no Estado de São Paulo, mas também em vários outros estados brasileiros. Devido a esta expansão e a leis federais que regularizam o fim das queimadas nos canaviais, a colheita da cana-de-açúcar vem passando por um momento de transição, deixando de ser realizada de forma manual e com queima do canavial (cana queimada) e passando a ser colhida com máquina e sem queima (cana crua). Com a mudança na forma de colheita uma grande quantidade de palha tem sido deixada sobre o solo, criando no pedoambiente condições que podem causar alterações nas propriedades químicas, físicas e até mesmo nos óxidos de ferro, que são considerados atributos do solo estáveis por longo tempo. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as variações dos atributos químicos, físicos e mineralógicos do solo submetido a dois diferentes tipos de colheita de cana-de-açúcar e determinar a variabilidade espacial destes atributos do solo em áreas de colheita de cana crua e cana queimada. Duas parcelas de aproximadamente um hectare cada foram delimitadas em áreas com cana crua e cana queimada. Foram retiradas, em cada área, amostras de solos em 126 pontos, nas profundidades de 0,0-0,25 e 0,25-0,50 m. As amostras foram submetidas às análises químicas, físicas e mineralógicas. Na profundidade de 0,0-0,25 m foram escolhidos 20 pontos em cada área, os quais foram submetidos à análise do grau de humificação da matéria orgânica do solo. Os resultados das análises foram submetidos às análises da estatística descritiva com teste de comparação de médias, à análise estatística multivariada de agrupamentos e ainda à análise de componentes principais. Posteriormente foram realizadas análises geoestatísticas, obtendo-se...
The sugarcane currently appears in the agricultural scenario as one of the main crops, performing in expansion not only in the state of São Paulo, but also in another several states. Duo to this expansion and the federal laws that regulate the end of fire in the cane fields, the sugarcane harvest is going through a transition moment, ceasing to be held manually and with fire in the fields (burnt cane) and going to be harvested with machinery and without fire (green cane). With the change in the way of harvesting, a large amount of cane straw has been left on the soil surface, creating a new pedoenvironment, which has caused changes in the chemical, physical and even in iron oxides, which are considered stable attributes of the soil for a long time. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the variations in the chemical, physical and mineralogical properties of the soil subjected to two different types of harvesting sugar cane and determine the spatial variability of soil properties in areas of green cane harvesting and burnt cane. Two parcels of approximately one hectare each were defined in areas with green cane and burnt cane. Were taken in each area, soil samples at 126 points in the depths of 0.0-0.25 and 0.25-0.50 m. Those samples were subjected to chemical, physical and mineralogical properties analysis. At a depth of 0.0 to 0.25 m were chosen 20 points in each area, which were subjected to analysis of the degree of humification of soil organic matter. The analysis results were submitted to analysis of descriptive statistics with comparison of means test, the multivariate statistical analysis of clusters and also the principal component analysis. Geostatistical analysis were, thus obtaining the spatial dependence, semivariograms and kriging maps of the attributes studied. To analyze the correlation between the attributes, crossed semivariograms were constructed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The sugarcane currently appears in the agricultural scenario as one of the main crops, performing in expansion not only in the state of São Paulo, but also in another several states. Duo to this expansion and the federal laws that regulate the end of fire in the cane fields, the sugarcane harvest is going through a transition moment, ceasing to be held manually and with fire in the fields (burnt cane) and going to be harvested with machinery and without fire (green cane). With the change in the way of harvesting, a large amount of cane straw has been left on the soil surface, creating a new pedoenvironment, which has caused changes in the chemical, physical and even in iron oxides, which are considered stable attributes of the soil for a long time. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the variations in the chemical, physical and mineralogical properties of the soil subjected to two different types of harvesting sugar cane and determine the spatial variability of soil properties in areas of green cane harvesting and burnt cane. Two parcels of approximately one hectare each were defined in areas with green cane and burnt cane. Were taken in each area, soil samples at 126 points in the depths of 0.0-0.25 and 0.25-0.50 m. Those samples were subjected to chemical, physical and mineralogical properties analysis. At a depth of 0.0 to 0.25 m were chosen 20 points in each area, which were subjected to analysis of the degree of humification of soil organic matter. The analysis results were submitted to analysis of descriptive statistics with comparison of means test, the multivariate statistical analysis of clusters and also the principal component analysis. Geostatistical analysis were, thus obtaining the spatial dependence, semivariograms and kriging maps of the attributes studied. To analyze the correlation between the attributes, crossed semivariograms were constructed... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Variabilidade espacial, Fósforo, Adsorção, Cana-de-açúcar, Oxidos de ferro, Adsorption os phosphorus, Management of cane sugar, Iron oxides, Spatial variability
Como citar
BARBIERI, Diogo Mazza. Atributos físicos, químicos e mineralógicos de um Latossolo Vermelho Eutroférrico sob dois sistemas de colheita de cana-de-açúcar. 2011. xiii, 73 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, 2011.