Efeito de subdoses de glyphosate sobre o psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera:Psyllidae) em mudas de eucalipto
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Data
2011-12-15
Autores
Oliveira, Carolina Pirajá de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A espécie Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) é um inseto originário da Austrália e os danos mais comuns causados em eucalipto são redução no tamanho e deformação das folhas, queda prematura de folhas maduras, seca de ponteiros e fumagina. O glyphosate é um herbicida sistêmico, não seletivo, aplicado em pós-emergência e de amplo espectro de ação, sendo o principal herbicida utilizado na eucaliptocultura. Em áreas em que o controle de plantas daninhas é realizado com o herbicida a ocorrência da deriva é relatada com freqüência. O presente trabalho objetivou verificar o efeito de subdoses do glyphosate (0,36; 3,6; 36 g e.a. ha-1) e água em mudas de Eucalyptus camaldulensis, do clone híbrido 3025, de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus camaldulensis (HGC) e do clone híbrido C-219 de Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis (HUG) na infestação, sobrevivência e tamanho dos adultos do psilídeo-de-concha. A pulverização com glyphosate foi feita em laboratório por um pulverizador estacionário munido de 4 pontas AXI 11002 (Jacto), pressão de 30 libras/pol2 em um volume de calda correspondente a 210 L.ha-1e velocidade de deslocamento de 4km.h-1. Após três dias foram coletadas folhas de E. camaldulensis contendo ovos de G. brimblecombei, sendo estes observados em microscópio estereoscópico e contados. As posturas foram recortadas e colocadas nas plantas presas por alfinetes. Foram colocados mil ovos por planta e em seguida colocados em gaiolas sob temperatura de 26 ± 2 °C, umidade relativa de 60 ± 10% e fotofase de 12h. Três dias após a montagem do experimento avaliou-se diariamente o número de conchas por planta e também o número de adultos no final do ciclo da praga que foram posteriormente medidos. Em E. camaldulensis e no clone C- 219 foram marcadas cinqüenta ninfas para se observar a biologia do inseto
The species Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is an insect original from Australia and the most common injuries caused are size reduction and leaf deformity, premature fall of mature leaves, dieback and fumagine. The glyphosate is a systemic, not selective, post-emerging and broad-spectrum action herbicide, and it is the main active product used on eucalyptus crops. At areas where the control is adopted spray drift of herbicide is regularly reported. The present work aimed to search the effect of subdoses of this herbicide (0,36; 3,6; 36 g a.e.ha-1) and water on seedlings of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, of the hybrid clone 3025, of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus camaldulensis (HGC) and of the hybrid clone C-219 of Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis (HUG), on infestation, survival and size of adults of the red gum lerp psyllid. The spraying glyphosate was made by using a four flat fan nozzle in stationary sprayer - AX 11002 (Jacto) under pressure of 30 psi in a correspondent spray volume of 210 L.ha-1 and displacement speed of 4 Km. ha-1. After three days, leaves of E. camaldulensis containing eggs of G. brimblecombei were collected, which were observed on stereo microscope and counted. The layings were trimmed and placed on the plants and attached by pins. A thousand eggs per plant were layed and then placed into cages at temperature of 26 +/- 2° C, relative humidity of 60 +/- 10% and 12 h photophase. Three days after the experiment assembling, the number of lerps per plant was daily evaluated as well as the numbers of adults by the end of the pest circle which have been subsequently measured. On E. camaldulensis and on the clone C-219, fifty nymphs were marked in order to search the insect biology. It has been observed that the hybrid clone presented minor infestation, minor survival and size among the adults
The species Glycaspis brimblecombei (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) is an insect original from Australia and the most common injuries caused are size reduction and leaf deformity, premature fall of mature leaves, dieback and fumagine. The glyphosate is a systemic, not selective, post-emerging and broad-spectrum action herbicide, and it is the main active product used on eucalyptus crops. At areas where the control is adopted spray drift of herbicide is regularly reported. The present work aimed to search the effect of subdoses of this herbicide (0,36; 3,6; 36 g a.e.ha-1) and water on seedlings of Eucalyptus camaldulensis, of the hybrid clone 3025, of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus camaldulensis (HGC) and of the hybrid clone C-219 of Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis (HUG), on infestation, survival and size of adults of the red gum lerp psyllid. The spraying glyphosate was made by using a four flat fan nozzle in stationary sprayer - AX 11002 (Jacto) under pressure of 30 psi in a correspondent spray volume of 210 L.ha-1 and displacement speed of 4 Km. ha-1. After three days, leaves of E. camaldulensis containing eggs of G. brimblecombei were collected, which were observed on stereo microscope and counted. The layings were trimmed and placed on the plants and attached by pins. A thousand eggs per plant were layed and then placed into cages at temperature of 26 +/- 2° C, relative humidity of 60 +/- 10% and 12 h photophase. Three days after the experiment assembling, the number of lerps per plant was daily evaluated as well as the numbers of adults by the end of the pest circle which have been subsequently measured. On E. camaldulensis and on the clone C-219, fifty nymphs were marked in order to search the insect biology. It has been observed that the hybrid clone presented minor infestation, minor survival and size among the adults
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Eucalipto - Doenças e pragas, Herbicidas, Glyscaspis brimblecombei, Eucalyptus, Herbicide
Como citar
OLIVEIRA, Carolina Pirajá de. Efeito de subdoses de glyphosate sobre o psilídeo-de-concha Glycaspis brimblecombei Moore (Hemiptera:Psyllidae) em mudas de eucalipto. 2011. v, 65 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2011.