Aspectos bioecológicos do pulgão-gigante-do-pinus, Cinara atlantica (Wilson, 1919) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), em Pinus spp. (Pinaceae)
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Data
2004-02-17
Autores
Ottati, Angelo Luiz Tadeu [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os afídeos são um dos grupos de pragas amplamente distribuídos, causando perdas consideráveis em sistemas agrícolas e florestais. O pulgão-gigante-do-pinus, Cinara atlantica, é atualmente a espécie de pulgão mais disseminada nos plantios de Pinus no Brasil. Devido à sua importância econômica, esse trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito de diferentes temperaturas e da espécie hospedeira no desenvolvimento de ninfas e na longevidade e capacidade reprodutiva de adultos de C. atlantica, sob condições de laboratório, e determinar a flutuação populacional, a estrutura etária e a caracterização da estrutura espacial do afídeo em áreas florestadas com Pinus taeda e P. caribaea var. caribaea. A determinação do efeito de diferentes temperaturas (18o C, 22o C, 26o C e 30o C) e de hospedeiros (P. taeda e P. caribaea var. hondurensis) no desenvolvimento de C. atlantica foi conduzida sob fotofase de 12 h e umidade relativa do ar de 70 10%. Utilizaram-se 20 insetos (repetições) para cada combinação dos fatores temperatura e hospedeiro e obtiveram-se resultados para variáveis nos estágios ninfal e adulto e ciclo de vida. A determinação da flutuação populacional e da caracterização espacial (50 árvores/avaliação) e da estrutura etária (cinco colônias/avaliação) de C. atlantica foi realizada em áreas de 1 ha com P. taeda e P. caribaea var. caribaea nos municípios de Buri e Nova Campina/SP em 21 avaliações entre julho de 2001 e agosto de 2002. Concluiu-se que o desenvolvimento de ninfas e a longevidade e potencial reprodutivo dos adultos de C. atlantica não foram influenciados pelos hospedeiros P. taeda e P. caribaea var. hondurensis. Entretanto, as temperaturas constantes de 18o C e 22o C conferem as melhores condições, enquanto a de 30o C as piores condições de desenvolvimento aos insetos mantidos em P. taeda e P. caribaea var. hondurensis. C. atlantica... .
Aphids are one of the most widespread groups of pests, causing severe damages on agricultural and forestry systems. Nowadays, the giant conifer aphid, C. atlantica, is widely distributed on pine forests in Brazil. Due to its economic importance, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different constant temperatures and host plants on the development of nymphs and adults and reproductive capacity in adult of C. atlantica in laboratory, monitoring the populational fluctuation, the age structure and to characterize spatial pattern of C. atlantica in Pinus taeda and P. caribaea var. caribaea plantations. The effect of constant temperatures (18o C, 22o C, 26o C e 30o C) and host plants (P. taeda and P. caribaea var. hondurensis) on the development of C. atlantica was carried out at 12 h of photophase (12 h) and 70 + 10% relative humidity. Twenty nymphs (replications) were tested for each treatment (temperature x host plant) to estimated biological variables of nymph and adult stages and life span. The study of the populational fluctuation, the spatial characterization (50 trees sampled per sampling date) and the age structure (5 aphid colonies per sampling date) of C. atlantica was carried out on P. taeda and P. caribaea var. caribaea plantations in 1 ha area in Buri and Nova Campina municipalities (SP, Brazil), between July 2001 and August 2002 (21 sampling dates). This research indicated that nymph and adult development and reproductive capacity of C. atlantica were not affected by host plants. However, temperatures of 18o C and 22o C provided better conditions for aphid development than 30o C when reared on P. taeda and P. caribaea var. hondurensis. In the field, C. atlantica had highest peaks of abundance in the winter and spring and lowest during the summer. The age structure study can give support to predict population peaks and the occurrence of stable populations indicates a low... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Aphids are one of the most widespread groups of pests, causing severe damages on agricultural and forestry systems. Nowadays, the giant conifer aphid, C. atlantica, is widely distributed on pine forests in Brazil. Due to its economic importance, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of different constant temperatures and host plants on the development of nymphs and adults and reproductive capacity in adult of C. atlantica in laboratory, monitoring the populational fluctuation, the age structure and to characterize spatial pattern of C. atlantica in Pinus taeda and P. caribaea var. caribaea plantations. The effect of constant temperatures (18o C, 22o C, 26o C e 30o C) and host plants (P. taeda and P. caribaea var. hondurensis) on the development of C. atlantica was carried out at 12 h of photophase (12 h) and 70 + 10% relative humidity. Twenty nymphs (replications) were tested for each treatment (temperature x host plant) to estimated biological variables of nymph and adult stages and life span. The study of the populational fluctuation, the spatial characterization (50 trees sampled per sampling date) and the age structure (5 aphid colonies per sampling date) of C. atlantica was carried out on P. taeda and P. caribaea var. caribaea plantations in 1 ha area in Buri and Nova Campina municipalities (SP, Brazil), between July 2001 and August 2002 (21 sampling dates). This research indicated that nymph and adult development and reproductive capacity of C. atlantica were not affected by host plants. However, temperatures of 18o C and 22o C provided better conditions for aphid development than 30o C when reared on P. taeda and P. caribaea var. hondurensis. In the field, C. atlantica had highest peaks of abundance in the winter and spring and lowest during the summer. The age structure study can give support to predict population peaks and the occurrence of stable populations indicates a low... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Arvores - Doenças e pragas, Pinheiro, Análise espacial (Estatística), Inseto florestal - Biologia, Host suitability, Aphid biology, Age distribution, Population spatial analysis, Trees - Diseases and pests, Pinus
Como citar
OTTATI, Angelo Luiz Tadeu. Aspectos bioecológicos do pulgão-gigante-do-pinus, Cinara atlantica (Wilson, 1919) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), em Pinus spp. (Pinaceae). 2004. vii, 133 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, 2004.