Influência da altura da coroa em implantes osseointegrados: estudo pelo método dos elementos finitos tridimensionais
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Data
2011-02-25
Autores
Moraes, Sandra Lúcia Dantas de [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Os implantes dentais têm sido usados extensivamente para a reabilitação de edentulismo total e parcial, com próteses fixas ou removíveis. Em detrimento das suas taxas de sucesso e previsibilidade, falhas ocorrem e são associadas a complicações biomecânicas. Entre os fatores biomecânicos podemos destacar uma proporção adequada entre comprimento do implante e superestrutura. Porém, pouco é encontrado sobre a influência da altura da coroa, o alcance do braço de alavanca e, conseqüentemente, a tensão no osso cortical e no osso trabecular. Apesar do aumento no uso de implantes, muito pacientes que necessitam dessa terapia ficam limitados devido à pouca altura óssea. Sistemas disponibilizam no mercado implantes curtos, onde procedimentos cirúrgicos invasivos poderiam ser evitados; nesses implantes, porém, é muito comum uma relação coroa/área implantada invertida. Desenvolveremos este trabalho em dois capítulos. O primeiro irá avaliar a influência de três alturas de coroas pré-estabelecidas, quando associadas a implantes de hexágono externo em todas as suas estruturas associadas. No segundo, avaliaremos a influência das mesmas alturas de coroas, associadas a implantes de hexágono externo e cone - morse, na distribuição das tensões no tecido ósseo. Para a primeira parte do trabalho, foram confeccionados três modelos tridimensionais, com auxilio dos programas de modelagem gráfica SolidWorks 2006 e Rhinoceros 4.0, além do programa InVesalius (CTI, São Paulo, Brasil), utilizado para gerar o modelo ósseo a partir de uma tomografia computadorizada. Cada modelo foi composto por um bloco ósseo, com um implante de 3,75 x 10,00mm (Conexão Sistemas de Prótese, São Paulo), com o tipo de conexão: hexágono externo, utilizando três alturas de coroas (10 mm; 12.5 mm e 15 mm), colocadas na plataforma oclusal (hexágono externo). Após geração...
The dental implants have been widely used for rehabilitation of partial and complete edentulism using fixed and removable prostheses. Despite the success rate and predictability, failures are reported and commonly associated with biomechanical complications. Among the biomechanical factors, an adequate proportion between the implant and superstructure dimensions should be established. However, there is little information about the influence of crown height and lever arm on stress in cortical and trabecular bone. Although the use of implants has increased, many patients are limited by insufficient bone height. Thus, some implant systems developed short implants to avoid invasive surgical procedures. Nevertheless, such implants present an inverted crown/anchored area ratio. The present study will be divided into two chapters. The first one will evaluate the influence of three pre-established crown heights attached to external hexagon implants on all structures. In the second chapter, it will be evaluated the influence of the same crown heights attached to external hexagon and morse taper implants on the stress distribution in bone tissue. Initially, three 3D models were fabricated using the softwares SolidWorks 2006 and Rhinoceros 4.0. The software InVesalius (CTI, Sao Paulo, Brazil) was also used to generate the bone model through a computed tomography. Each model was composed by a bone block with an external hexagon implant (3.75 X 10.0 mm) (Conexao Sistemas de Protese, Sao Paulo) and a crown with different heights (10 mm, 12.5 mm and 15 mm) attached to the implant platform (external hexagon). After generation of the geometries, the models were imported to the software FEMAP 10.0 (Siemens PLM Software Inc., USA) for pre- and post-processing of finite elements to generate the meshes as well as the loading and boundary conditions. Axial load of 200N and oblique load of 100N were ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The dental implants have been widely used for rehabilitation of partial and complete edentulism using fixed and removable prostheses. Despite the success rate and predictability, failures are reported and commonly associated with biomechanical complications. Among the biomechanical factors, an adequate proportion between the implant and superstructure dimensions should be established. However, there is little information about the influence of crown height and lever arm on stress in cortical and trabecular bone. Although the use of implants has increased, many patients are limited by insufficient bone height. Thus, some implant systems developed short implants to avoid invasive surgical procedures. Nevertheless, such implants present an inverted crown/anchored area ratio. The present study will be divided into two chapters. The first one will evaluate the influence of three pre-established crown heights attached to external hexagon implants on all structures. In the second chapter, it will be evaluated the influence of the same crown heights attached to external hexagon and morse taper implants on the stress distribution in bone tissue. Initially, three 3D models were fabricated using the softwares SolidWorks 2006 and Rhinoceros 4.0. The software InVesalius (CTI, Sao Paulo, Brazil) was also used to generate the bone model through a computed tomography. Each model was composed by a bone block with an external hexagon implant (3.75 X 10.0 mm) (Conexao Sistemas de Protese, Sao Paulo) and a crown with different heights (10 mm, 12.5 mm and 15 mm) attached to the implant platform (external hexagon). After generation of the geometries, the models were imported to the software FEMAP 10.0 (Siemens PLM Software Inc., USA) for pre- and post-processing of finite elements to generate the meshes as well as the loading and boundary conditions. Axial load of 200N and oblique load of 100N were ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Implantes dentários, Prótese dentária, Biomecânica, Método dos elementos finitos, Análise de elemento finito, Dental implants, Dental prosthesis, Biomechanics, Finite element analysis
Como citar
MORAES, Sandra Lúcia Dantas de. Influência da altura da coroa em implantes osseointegrados: estudo pelo método dos elementos finitos tridimensionais. 2011. 154 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araçatuba, 2011.