Atributos químicos do solo e estado nutricional de cafeeiros em diferentes densidades populacionais
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Data
2008-04-01
Autores
Paulo, Edison Martins [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A produção trienal de café, os atributos químicos do solo e o teor foliar dos macronutrientes em cultivares de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) sob diferentes densidades de plantio foram avaliados em Adamantina, município situado na região da Alta Paulista (SP), entre maio de 1995 e fevereiro de 2000. As cultivares de café Catuaí Amarelo (IAC 47) e Obatã (IAC 1669- 20), de porte baixo, e Acaiá (IAC 474-19) e Icatu Amarelo (IAC 2944), de porte alto foram estabelecidas em covas com uma planta, distanciadas por 1,0 m entre si na linha de plantio, nas densidades populacionais de 2500, 5000, 7519 e 10000 plantas por hectare. A população de 2500 plantas por hectare com duas plantas por cova também foi estudada. Adotou-se o delineamento estatístico de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, com parcelas subdivididas, correspondendo às parcelas as populações e às subparcelas as cultivares. A adubação recomendada por área foi distribuída igualmente entre as plantas de cada tratamento. A calagem não foi feita após o plantio dos cafeeiros. A produção trienal de café por área e por planta foi maior nos cafeeiros de porte baixo, que não diferiram entre si. O aumento da população de cafeeiros causou maior produção trienal de café por área e diminuição da produção por planta. Os cafeeiros das covas com duas plantas produziram mais café. Cinco anos após o plantio os solos das cultivares de cafeeiro diferiram nos teores de matéria orgânica, de cálcio e de potássio, respectivamente nas camadas 0-20 e 20-40 cm, 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm, e foram semelhantes nos demais atributos químicos do solo. Nas camadas 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm dos solos da Icatu Amarelo e Catuaí Amarelo a matéria orgânica aumentou com a população dessas cultivares e foi maior nos solos com dois cafeeiros por cova. O aumento da densidade populacional resultou na camada 20-40 cm do solo maiores teores...
The triennial production of coffee, the soil chemical attributes and the leaf content of nutrients coffee cultivars (Coffea arabica L.) under plant densities were evaluated in Adamantina, region of Alta Paulista, São Paulo state, Brazil, from May 1995 to February 2000. The coffee tree cultivars Yellow Catuaí (IAC 47) and Obatã (IAC 1669-20) (low height) and Acaiá (IAC 474-19) and Yellow Icatu (IAC 2944) (high height) were submitted to the populations of 2500, 5000, 7519 and 10000 plants per hectare with a coffee tree per hole row spacing with in of 1,0 m. The population of 2500 plants per hectare with two plants per hole was also studied. The treatments were the combinations between cultivars and populations arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with tree replications and the plots as the populations and the subplots as the cultivars. The NPK fertilizations by area were distributed equally among the plants in each treatment. Liming was not made after the planting of coffee. The three-year coffee production per area and per plant was higher in low height cultivars, which did not differ among themselves. Increasing the population of coffee caused increased production of coffee by area and reduced production per plant. The production of a coffee tree was higher in the holes with a plant. Five years after planting the soil of coffee cultivars differ in contents of organic matter, calcium and potassium, respectively, in sections 0-20 and 20-40 cm, 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm and were similar in the others soil chemicals attributes. In sections 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm of soil and Yellow Catuaí and Yellow Icatu organic matter increased with the population of these cultivars and was higher in the soil with two coffees per hole. The increase in population density resulted in the 20-40 cm section of soil greater content of calcium and magnesium and higher values of sum of bases... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The triennial production of coffee, the soil chemical attributes and the leaf content of nutrients coffee cultivars (Coffea arabica L.) under plant densities were evaluated in Adamantina, region of Alta Paulista, São Paulo state, Brazil, from May 1995 to February 2000. The coffee tree cultivars Yellow Catuaí (IAC 47) and Obatã (IAC 1669-20) (low height) and Acaiá (IAC 474-19) and Yellow Icatu (IAC 2944) (high height) were submitted to the populations of 2500, 5000, 7519 and 10000 plants per hectare with a coffee tree per hole row spacing with in of 1,0 m. The population of 2500 plants per hectare with two plants per hole was also studied. The treatments were the combinations between cultivars and populations arranged in a randomized complete blocks design with tree replications and the plots as the populations and the subplots as the cultivars. The NPK fertilizations by area were distributed equally among the plants in each treatment. Liming was not made after the planting of coffee. The three-year coffee production per area and per plant was higher in low height cultivars, which did not differ among themselves. Increasing the population of coffee caused increased production of coffee by area and reduced production per plant. The production of a coffee tree was higher in the holes with a plant. Five years after planting the soil of coffee cultivars differ in contents of organic matter, calcium and potassium, respectively, in sections 0-20 and 20-40 cm, 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm and were similar in the others soil chemicals attributes. In sections 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm of soil and Yellow Catuaí and Yellow Icatu organic matter increased with the population of these cultivars and was higher in the soil with two coffees per hole. The increase in population density resulted in the 20-40 cm section of soil greater content of calcium and magnesium and higher values of sum of bases... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Café - Cultivo, Cafeeiro, Quimica do solo, Cultivares de cafeeiro, Densidade populacional, Estado nutricional dos cafeeiros, Coffea arabica L, High density, Soil acidity, Total of bases, Leaf content
Como citar
PAULO, Edison Martins. Atributos químicos do solo e estado nutricional de cafeeiros em diferentes densidades populacionais. 2008. 103 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Ilha Solteira, 2008.