Análise de parâmetros adimensionais num escoamento em meio poroso visando a deformação de elementos cerâmicos
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Data
2006-07-26
Autores
França, Antonio Carlos [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
É comum serem identificadas trincas em alvenaria de tijolos, não somente depois de um certo tempo da construção, mas também, por vezes, durante a própria construção. Essas trincas, ou deformações estruturais ocorrem por diversos fatores de ordem técnica, dentre os quais, um deles devido à umidade absorvida pelos elementos da parede (tijolos e argamassa). Tal umidade pode vir das condições do ambiente (dia úmido), de chuvas, do solo e até do excesso da quantidade de água contida na argamassa de assentamento. Em contato com os elementos porosos da parede, tijolos e argamassa, a água concorrerá para a percolação capilar, dando origem a consideráveis esforços internos, que virão provocar deslocamentos estruturais, os quais, via de regra, são diferentes para o tijolo e para a argamassa, dessa forma, provocando o aparecimento de trincas. Os fenômenos que dão origem às deformações foram estudados em um trabalho de pesquisa por FRANÇA (2000), analisados e quantificados em laboratório, no qual se confirmou a hipótese de que a somatória dos esforços capilares provocados pelo deslocamento de um fluido em um meio poroso,pode atingir valores elevados ao ponto de causar na estrutura deslocamentos e, conseqüentemente, trincas. Por isso, o deslocamento do fluido por entre os canais existentes entre as partículas do meio poroso, processado sob a forma de uma frente de fluido se deslocando, denominada velocidade de percolação, necessitou ser visualizado e matematicamente tratado.
The identification of cracks in brick masonry is quite common, not only after a certain period of time post-building but also, sometimes, during the building. These cracks or structural deformations are due to several factors of technical order. One of them is related to the moistness absorbed by the elements of the wall (brick and mortar). Such moistness can be the result of the environment conditions (dank day), rain, soil and even of the excess of water in the laid mortar. In contact with the wall porous elements, brick and mortar, the water will facilitate the capillary percolation, giving berth to remarkable internal efforts, which will cause structural dislocation. These dislocations are, usually, different for the brick and for the mortar, so causing the cracks. The phenomena that cause the deformations were studied in a research by FRANÇA (2000), analyzed and quantified in laboratory, which validated the hypothesis that the sum of the capillary efforts caused by the dislocation of a fluid in a porous element can reach high values to a point that causes dislocations and consequently cracks in the structure. Therefore, the dislocation of the fluid through the channels existing among the particles of the porous element, processed in a form of a dislocating front of fluid, named velocity of percolation, needed to be visualized and mathematically treated. This work aimed, as the main objective, to trace the profile of the dislocation and give to the velocity of percolation a mathematical modeling based on the general equation of Navier-Stokes. It was necessary to search for knowledge of micro world of the labyrinths formed by pores among the sand, clay and cement particles. It became indispensable to measure, in an indirect way, the size of the pores and its relation with the size of the particles.
The identification of cracks in brick masonry is quite common, not only after a certain period of time post-building but also, sometimes, during the building. These cracks or structural deformations are due to several factors of technical order. One of them is related to the moistness absorbed by the elements of the wall (brick and mortar). Such moistness can be the result of the environment conditions (dank day), rain, soil and even of the excess of water in the laid mortar. In contact with the wall porous elements, brick and mortar, the water will facilitate the capillary percolation, giving berth to remarkable internal efforts, which will cause structural dislocation. These dislocations are, usually, different for the brick and for the mortar, so causing the cracks. The phenomena that cause the deformations were studied in a research by FRANÇA (2000), analyzed and quantified in laboratory, which validated the hypothesis that the sum of the capillary efforts caused by the dislocation of a fluid in a porous element can reach high values to a point that causes dislocations and consequently cracks in the structure. Therefore, the dislocation of the fluid through the channels existing among the particles of the porous element, processed in a form of a dislocating front of fluid, named velocity of percolation, needed to be visualized and mathematically treated. This work aimed, as the main objective, to trace the profile of the dislocation and give to the velocity of percolation a mathematical modeling based on the general equation of Navier-Stokes. It was necessary to search for knowledge of micro world of the labyrinths formed by pores among the sand, clay and cement particles. It became indispensable to measure, in an indirect way, the size of the pores and its relation with the size of the particles.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Escoamento, Porosidade, Structural deformations
Como citar
FRANÇA, Antonio Carlos. Análise de parâmetros adimensionais num escoamento em meio poroso visando a deformação de elementos cerâmicos. 2006. 126 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2006.