Ecologia de Lithobates catesbeianus (SHAW, 1802) e relações com anfíbios da região de Botucatu, SP (Amphibia, Anura)
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2010-02-19
Autores
Almeida, Silvio César [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A introdução da rã touro Lithobates catesbeianus tem sido relacionada ao declínio de várias espécies de anfíbios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a população da rã touro e as espécies de anfíbios da região de Botucatu, SP, analisando as relações da espécie introduzida com a anurofauna nativa. Os dados de campo foram obtidos entre 1998 e 2009, em 29 locais situados na região de Botucatu, SP. Lithobates catesbeianus apresentou uma distribuição restrita, estando presente em apenas uma localidade, a Fazenda Lageado. Os jovens ocorreram ao longo de todo o ano, enquanto os adultos foram mais abundantes na estação chuvosa. A espécie foi exclusiva de área aberta, ocupou açudes e tanques de piscicultura, permanentes e de médio porte. Jovens e adultos foram observados na água, em locais vegetados. Os adultos foram observados em áreas mais profundas e afastados da margem do que os jovens. A dieta da rã touro foi constituída predominantemente por insetos, aranhas e anfíbios. Jovens e adultos predaram espécies de anfíbios nativas. A abundância de Lithobates catesbeianus variou de 6 a 104 indivíduos (jovens e adultos) entre os anos. Nos primeiros anos de amostragem a abundância foi maior. Nos últimos anos a população de adultos foi constituída em sua maioria (60%) por indivíduos que escaparam do ranário. Na região de Botucatu foram registradas 49 espécies de anfíbios nativas. Aproximadamente 80% das espécies foram ativas na estação chuvosa. Houve um predomínio de espécies de área aberta e que utilizam poças e açudes. As espécies apresentaram hábitos variados, desde espécies arborícolas, terrícolas e semi-aquáticas. Quatro espécies (Dendropsophus minutus, Dendropsophus nanus, Scinax fuscovarius e Physalaemus cuvieri) foram identificadas no conteúdo...
The introduction of the bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus has been related to the decrease in several amphibian species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bullfrog population and the amphibian species in the region of Botucatu Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil, by analyzing the relationships between the introduced bullfrog and the native frogs. Fieldwork was conducted from 1998 to 2009 at 29 sites located in Botucatu region. Lithobates catesbeianus presented a restrict distribution; it was detected in only one locality, the Fazenda Lageado. Juveniles were detected throughout the year, whereas adults were predominant during the rainy season. The species was exclusively of open area, occupying dams and pisciculture tanks, permanent and medium-sized. Juveniles and adults were observed in the water, in vegetated sites. Adults were observed in deeper areas and farther from the margin, compared to juveniles. Bullfrog diet mainly consisted of insects, spiders and amphibians. Juveniles and adults preyed on native amphibian species. The abundance of Lithobates catesbeianus ranged from 6 to 104 individuals (juveniles and adults) over the years, and was higher in the first sampling years. In the last years, the adult population (60%) mainly consisted of individuals that had escaped from the enclosure. In the region of Botucatu, 49 native amphibian species were recorded. Most species were active in the rainy season (80%). Species from open area and that use ponds and dams were predominant. We observed arboreal, terrestrial and semiaquatic frogs. Four species (Dendropsophus minutus, Dendropsophus nanus, Scinax fuscovarius, and Physalaemus cuvieri) were identified in the diet of Lithobates catesbeianus. However, they were very abundant in the region, presenting wide regional geographic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
The introduction of the bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus has been related to the decrease in several amphibian species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the bullfrog population and the amphibian species in the region of Botucatu Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil, by analyzing the relationships between the introduced bullfrog and the native frogs. Fieldwork was conducted from 1998 to 2009 at 29 sites located in Botucatu region. Lithobates catesbeianus presented a restrict distribution; it was detected in only one locality, the Fazenda Lageado. Juveniles were detected throughout the year, whereas adults were predominant during the rainy season. The species was exclusively of open area, occupying dams and pisciculture tanks, permanent and medium-sized. Juveniles and adults were observed in the water, in vegetated sites. Adults were observed in deeper areas and farther from the margin, compared to juveniles. Bullfrog diet mainly consisted of insects, spiders and amphibians. Juveniles and adults preyed on native amphibian species. The abundance of Lithobates catesbeianus ranged from 6 to 104 individuals (juveniles and adults) over the years, and was higher in the first sampling years. In the last years, the adult population (60%) mainly consisted of individuals that had escaped from the enclosure. In the region of Botucatu, 49 native amphibian species were recorded. Most species were active in the rainy season (80%). Species from open area and that use ponds and dams were predominant. We observed arboreal, terrestrial and semiaquatic frogs. Four species (Dendropsophus minutus, Dendropsophus nanus, Scinax fuscovarius, and Physalaemus cuvieri) were identified in the diet of Lithobates catesbeianus. However, they were very abundant in the region, presenting wide regional geographic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Zoologia, Anfíbio, Anuro
Como citar
ALMEIDA, Silvio César. Ecologia de Lithobates catesbeianus (SHAW, 1802) e relações com anfíbios da região de Botucatu, SP (Amphibia, Anura). 2010. 79 f. Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, 2010.