Avaliação da integridade estrutural em um tubo de aço API 5L X70 através da propagação de trincas por fadiga
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Data
2014-07-07
Autores
Barbosa, Vitor Scarabeli [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Na exploração e transporte de petróleo e gás em águas profundas, os dutos submarinos estão sujeitos a altas tensões e devem suportar elevadas cargas estáticas e dinâmicas oriundas da pressão externa e interna do fluido, do próprio peso e das correntes marítimas as quais podem levar a falhas catastróficas. O comportamento em fadiga dos tubos empregados em sistemas de dutos submarinos vem sendo estudado através de ensaios de propagação de trincas por fadiga, a fim de se obter dados experimentais para definição de inspeções mais seguras de manutenção periódica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento da propagação de trinca por fadiga no metal base localizado a 90° e a 180° da junta soldada, bem como no metal de solda da junta soldada longitudinal formada pelo processo a arco submerso de dutos submarinos API 5L X70 destinados ao transporte de gás, petróleo e seus derivados. Os ensaios de propagação de trincas por fadiga foram realizados de acordo com a norma ASTM E-647 em corpos de prova do tipo tração compacto C(T). As curvas da taxa de propagação de trinca por fadiga (da/dN) em função de ?K e as respectivas constantes da lei de Paris foram obtidas a partir de carregamentos sob amplitude constante com razão de carga 0,1. Para cada região do metal base foram extraídos dois corpos de prova ao longo da espessura, sendo um nas proximidades do diâmetro externo e o outro nas proximidades do diâmetro interno. Analogamente em relação ao metal de solda, foi retirado um corpo de prova com entalhe na solda de raiz e outro na solda de reforço. A partir das curvas a vs. N pôde-se inferir que o metal base localizado a 90° da junta soldada tendeu a apresentar uma menor resistência ao crescimento da trinca quando comparado ao metal base localizado a 180°. De maneira geral, os resultados obtidos a partir das ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
In deep water offshore extraction and transport of oil and gas, the pipelines are undergo high stresses. It has to withstand high static and dynamic loads arising from external and internal fluid pressure, its own weight and sea currents that can lead to catastrophic failures. The fatigue behavior of the employed pipe in the offshore pipeline systems has been studied with aid of fatigue crack growth tests, in order to obtain experimental data for definition of safer periodic maintenance inspections. The objective of this work was to assess the fatigue crack propagation behavior in the base metal 90° and 180° from the welded joint of offshore pipeline API 5L X-70 grade steel commonly employed in the transport of oil and gas. In addition, the fatigue test was carried out in the weld metal of a longitudinal welded joint obtained by SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) process. The fatigue crack propagation tests were performed in accordance with ASTM E647 from compact tension specimens C(T). The crack growth rates curves (da/dN) as a function of ?K and the Paris law constants were obtained under constant load amplitude conditions at the stress ratio level of 0,1. For each specific region of base metal (90° and 180°) two specimens were taken across the thickness, one close to the outside diameter and other nearby to the inner diameter. Likewise, two samples were taken from weld metal, one specimen for a root weld and one for a reinforcement weld. From the a vs. N curves it could be inferred that the base metal specimens taken from location 90° tended to have lower fatigue crack growth resistance than the base metal taken from location 180°. Overall, the achieved outcomes from da/dN vs. ?K curves indicated that the fatigue crack growth rate for the base metal taken from location 90° was higher than base metal taken from location 180°... (Complete abstract click eletronic access below
In deep water offshore extraction and transport of oil and gas, the pipelines are undergo high stresses. It has to withstand high static and dynamic loads arising from external and internal fluid pressure, its own weight and sea currents that can lead to catastrophic failures. The fatigue behavior of the employed pipe in the offshore pipeline systems has been studied with aid of fatigue crack growth tests, in order to obtain experimental data for definition of safer periodic maintenance inspections. The objective of this work was to assess the fatigue crack propagation behavior in the base metal 90° and 180° from the welded joint of offshore pipeline API 5L X-70 grade steel commonly employed in the transport of oil and gas. In addition, the fatigue test was carried out in the weld metal of a longitudinal welded joint obtained by SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) process. The fatigue crack propagation tests were performed in accordance with ASTM E647 from compact tension specimens C(T). The crack growth rates curves (da/dN) as a function of ?K and the Paris law constants were obtained under constant load amplitude conditions at the stress ratio level of 0,1. For each specific region of base metal (90° and 180°) two specimens were taken across the thickness, one close to the outside diameter and other nearby to the inner diameter. Likewise, two samples were taken from weld metal, one specimen for a root weld and one for a reinforcement weld. From the a vs. N curves it could be inferred that the base metal specimens taken from location 90° tended to have lower fatigue crack growth resistance than the base metal taken from location 180°. Overall, the achieved outcomes from da/dN vs. ?K curves indicated that the fatigue crack growth rate for the base metal taken from location 90° was higher than base metal taken from location 180°... (Complete abstract click eletronic access below
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Aço - Fadiga, Soldagem eletrica, Aço de alta resistencia, Mecanica da fratura, Ligas de aço, Steel Fatigue
Como citar
BARBOSA, Vitor Scarabeli. Avaliação da integridade estrutural em um tubo de aço API 5L X70 através da propagação de trincas por fadiga. 2014. 198 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista. Faculdade de Engenharia de Guaratinguetá, 2014.