Banco de sementes do solo em áreas de mineração e do entorno
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Data
2014-07-31
Autores
Maia, Vitor Oliveira [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A constante pressão sofrida pelas áreas de vegetação nativa, causada pela ação antrópica, requerem estudos que visem aperfeiçoar as técnicas de conservação e a restauração ambiental. Desta forma torna-se importante o estudo do banco de sementes do solo de áreas mineradas, para possibilitar maior compreensão da composição do solo, seu potencial para a regeneração natural, sucessão ecológica e possível impacto da atividade sobre o solo. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo conhecer a composição florística do banco de sementes do solo (na serrapilheira e a cinco cm de profundidade) de uma área minerada (região coberta por Capim Gordura) e de seu entorno (Mata Atlântica, Cerrado, Canga e populações de Eucalipto) e avaliar a contribuição em sementes do entorno na área minerada pela companhia Vale no município de Sabará, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os pontos de coleta foram definidos através de uma Amostragem Aleatória e Sistemática (AAS), totalizando quatro pontos para cada tipo de composição vegetal. Em cada ponto de coleta foram realizadas duas repetições igualmente espaçadas a 20 metros, sempre no sentido Leste-Oeste. Em cada repetição foi coletado a serrapilheira e o solo com o uso de um gabarito vazado de 25cm x 25cm x 5cm . A serrapilheira foi coletada manualmente e o solo foi coletado após a penetração do gabarito até atingir cinco cm de profundidade. Todas as amostras coletadas foram armazenadas em sacos plásticos de 100 litros e identificadas. Após a coleta as amostras foram mantidas em salas climatizadas a 20°C e, em seguida, transferidas para vasilhas plásticas e mantidas em viveiro. No viveiro as amostras foram protegidas com telas de 50% de sombreamento. As amostras foram monitoradas diariamente e a cada quinze dias foi realizado a contagem das ...
The constant pressure under native vegetation, caused by human activities, requires studies aimed at the improving of conservation techniques and environmental restoration. Therefore, it is important to study the soil seed bank composition in mined areas, enabling greater understanding of soil composition, its potential for natural regeneration, ecological succession and possible impacts of this activity on the ground. This study aimed to identify the floristic composition of the soil seed bank (in the litter and at five cm deep) of a mined area (area covered by fat grass) and its surroundings (Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Canga and populations of Eucalyptus) and evaluate the contribution of the surrounding seeds in the mined area by Vale company in the city of Sabará, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The collection points were defined by a Random and Systematics Sampling (RSS), totaling four points for each type of vegetation composition. In each collection point were performed two repetitions equally spaced at 20 meters, always in the East-West direction. In each repetition was collected litter and soil using a gauging device of 25cm x 25cm x 5cm. Litter was collected manually and the soil was collected after penetration feedback up to five cm deep. All collected samples were stored in plastic bags of 100 liters and identified. After collection the samples were kept in climatized rooms at 20 ° C and then transferred to plastic pots and maintained in the nursery. In the nursery the samples were protected with 50% shading screens. Samples were monitored daily and in each 15 days was conducted the count of emerged seedlings and species identification. It is concluded that the soil seed bank (litter and soil at 5 cm deep) showed 885 emerged seedlings, distributed in 55 species and 22 families, ...
The constant pressure under native vegetation, caused by human activities, requires studies aimed at the improving of conservation techniques and environmental restoration. Therefore, it is important to study the soil seed bank composition in mined areas, enabling greater understanding of soil composition, its potential for natural regeneration, ecological succession and possible impacts of this activity on the ground. This study aimed to identify the floristic composition of the soil seed bank (in the litter and at five cm deep) of a mined area (area covered by fat grass) and its surroundings (Atlantic Forest, Cerrado, Canga and populations of Eucalyptus) and evaluate the contribution of the surrounding seeds in the mined area by Vale company in the city of Sabará, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The collection points were defined by a Random and Systematics Sampling (RSS), totaling four points for each type of vegetation composition. In each collection point were performed two repetitions equally spaced at 20 meters, always in the East-West direction. In each repetition was collected litter and soil using a gauging device of 25cm x 25cm x 5cm. Litter was collected manually and the soil was collected after penetration feedback up to five cm deep. All collected samples were stored in plastic bags of 100 liters and identified. After collection the samples were kept in climatized rooms at 20 ° C and then transferred to plastic pots and maintained in the nursery. In the nursery the samples were protected with 50% shading screens. Samples were monitored daily and in each 15 days was conducted the count of emerged seedlings and species identification. It is concluded that the soil seed bank (litter and soil at 5 cm deep) showed 885 emerged seedlings, distributed in 55 species and 22 families, ...
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Florestas - Restauração, Comunidades vegetais, Sucessão ecologica, Recuperação ecológica, Forest restoration
Como citar
MAIA, Vitor Oliveira. Banco de sementes do solo em áreas de mineração e do entorno. 2014. viii, 49 f. Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho , Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas de Botucatu, 2014.