Embryonic development and nourishment in the viviparous fish Poecilia vivipara (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae)
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Data
2014-10-01
Autores
Arcanjo, Rachel B.
Souza, Leonardo P. de [UNESP]
Rezende, Carla F.
Silva, Jose R. F.
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Wiley-Blackwell
Resumo
While viviparity confers protection to the embryos during gestation, it increases energetic costs for the mother, which acquires new relations to its offspring. Maternal-fetal transfer of nutrients can occur in different patterns: as lecithotrophy (nourished by yolk) or matrotrophy (nourished by the mother). The development of Poecilia vivipara embryos was described macroscopically and microscopically, and the form of nutritional provisioning was identified. Embryonic development was divided into three prefertilization and seven postfertilization stages. The first organ to appear is the notochord, followed by the nervous, digestive and cardiovascular systems, and then by muscles and eyes. Embryonic nutritional provisioning was lecithotrophic, with yolk persisting until the last developmental stages and rich in proteins and polysaccharides. This kind of embryonic nutrition confirms the pattern found in the family Poeciliidae.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
ontogeny, lecithotrophy, maternal-fetal trophic relationship, nutritional pattern, maternal provisioning pattern
Como citar
Acta Zoologica. Hoboken: Wiley-blackwell, v. 95, n. 4, p. 493-500, 2014.