Uso de álcool e drogas por estudantes de medicina da Unesp
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Data
1999-06-01
Autores
Kerr-Corrêa, Florence [UNESP]
Andrade, Arthur Guerra de
Bassit, Ana Zahira
Boccuto, Neusa Maria Vilella Fonseca [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP
Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a prevalência do uso de drogas por estudantes da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - Unesp, comparada com outras oito escolas médicas paulistas (uso na vida, nos últimos 12 meses e nos últimos 30 dias). A pesquisa foi realizada entre 1994 e 1995, com 5.227 estudantes do 1o ao 6o ano de graduação. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foi usado um questionário de auto-respostas, anônimo, incluindo o questionário da Organização Mundial da Saúde para levantamento de uso de drogas e álcool. Setenta e um por cento (3.725) dos alunos responderam ao mesmo, e destes, 421 eram de Botucatu. RESULTADOS: Não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre escolas e, nos 30 dias anteriores ao preenchimento do questionário, a prevalência do uso de drogas para os estudantes de Botucatu foi a seguinte, com a variação entre outras escolas mostrada entre parênteses: álcool 50% (42-50%); tabaco 7% (7-13%); solventes 8% (7-12%); maconha 6% (6-16%); benzodiazepínicos (BZD) 3% (2-9%); cocaína 0,5% (0,2-4%); anfetaminas 1 % (0-1%). Embora tenha se encontrado um uso crescente de todas as drogas do 1o ao 6o ano, e em especial os BZD, os estudantes não aprovam este uso. A análise de regressão logística indicou que o uso de álcool e drogas foi favorecido por: a) ser homem; b) perder aulas sem razão e referir ou ter muito tempo livre nos finais de semana; e c) ter uma atitude favorável em relação ao uso de álcool e drogas. Diferentemente de outras escolas, na Unesp não houve diferenças estatisticamente significantes de gênero em relação ao uso de tranqüilizantes. No entanto, as mulheres iniciam uso mais precocemente e o fazem mais freqüentemente. Também as mulheres já faziam uso de maconha antes de entrar para a faculdade (30% mulheres X 10% homens), o contrário ocorrendo com solventes (50% homens X 2% mulheres), sendo essas diferenças estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÕES: Embora a pesquisa tenha focalizado o uso (não abuso ou dependência), os resultados sugerem a necessidade de as universidades estabelecerem uma política clara de orientação sobre uso de drogas e álcool para os estudantes, incluindo mudanças curriculares e programas de prevenção.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this paper was to analyse the prevalence of drug use by medical students of Botucatu Medical School, compared to other eight medical schools of São Paulo State (at lifetime, last 12 months, and last 30 days). Research was carried out in 1994 and 1995, with 5,227 students, from first to sixth year of graduation. METHOD: Anonymous self-completed questionnaires were used, including the World Health Organization one, for students drug use survey. The completion rate was of 71% (3.725) and 421 were from Botucatu. RESULTS: There were no significant statistical differences among schools, and the last 30 day drug use rate showed the following results, for Botucatu and other schools (drug use range) respectively: alcohol in 50% (42-50%); tobacco in 7% (7-13%); inhalants in 8% (7-12%); cannabis in 6% (6-16%); benzodiazepines (BZD) in 3% (2-9%); cocaine in 0,5% (0,2-4%); amphetamines in 1% (0-1%). Though there was an increased drug use from first to sixth year, especially BZD, most of the students did not approve of it. Risk factors for drug and alcohol use were: a) being men; b) truancy or excess free time on weekends; and c) approval of using alcohol and drugs. Male and female students used equally BZD (contrary to other medical schools). However, women used them earlier and more frequently (female weekly X male monthly). Women used cannabis before entering school (female 30% X male 19%), being the contrary with solvent's use (statistically significant result). CONCLUSIONS: Although the research focus was use (not abuse or dependence), the results suggest the necessity of campus drug and alcohol use policy to be developed and carried out for this population, with curricula modifications, and prevention program included.
BACKGROUND: The objective of this paper was to analyse the prevalence of drug use by medical students of Botucatu Medical School, compared to other eight medical schools of São Paulo State (at lifetime, last 12 months, and last 30 days). Research was carried out in 1994 and 1995, with 5,227 students, from first to sixth year of graduation. METHOD: Anonymous self-completed questionnaires were used, including the World Health Organization one, for students drug use survey. The completion rate was of 71% (3.725) and 421 were from Botucatu. RESULTS: There were no significant statistical differences among schools, and the last 30 day drug use rate showed the following results, for Botucatu and other schools (drug use range) respectively: alcohol in 50% (42-50%); tobacco in 7% (7-13%); inhalants in 8% (7-12%); cannabis in 6% (6-16%); benzodiazepines (BZD) in 3% (2-9%); cocaine in 0,5% (0,2-4%); amphetamines in 1% (0-1%). Though there was an increased drug use from first to sixth year, especially BZD, most of the students did not approve of it. Risk factors for drug and alcohol use were: a) being men; b) truancy or excess free time on weekends; and c) approval of using alcohol and drugs. Male and female students used equally BZD (contrary to other medical schools). However, women used them earlier and more frequently (female weekly X male monthly). Women used cannabis before entering school (female 30% X male 19%), being the contrary with solvent's use (statistically significant result). CONCLUSIONS: Although the research focus was use (not abuse or dependence), the results suggest the necessity of campus drug and alcohol use policy to be developed and carried out for this population, with curricula modifications, and prevention program included.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Uso de drogas e álcool, estudantes universitários, médicos, diferenças de gênero, Drug and alcohol use, college students, medical, students, gender differences
Como citar
Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria. Associação Brasileira de Psiquiatria - ABP, v. 21, n. 2, p. 95-100, 1999.