Condição ocular dos indivíduos facectomizados na região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo: estudo populacional
Carregando...
Data
2008-02-01
Autores
Matai, Olívia [UNESP]
Schellini, Silvana Artioli [UNESP]
Padovani, Carlos Roberto [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia
Resumo
OBJETIVO: Avaliar as causas de baixa visão e cegueira em indivíduos facectomizados, de amostra da população de cidades da região centrooeste do estado de São Paulo. Métodos: Estudo transversal, observacional, feito em cinco cidades da região centro-oeste do estado de São Paulo, em amostra domiciliar e baseada nos dados do último Censo Demográfico (IBGE, 1995), com escolha sistemática dos domicílios. Foi considerada para o presente estudo uma subamostra de indivíduos facectomizados, dos quais foram obtidos dados de identificação e exame oftalmológico completo. Os dados foram avaliados por estatísticas descritivas, análise de freqüência de ocorrência e proporção de concordância, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. RESULTADOS: Dos indivíduos amostrados, 2,37% haviam sido submetidos à facectomia. Dos 201 olhos operados, 26,9% apresentavam acuidade visual compatível com cegueira ou deficiência visual. Com a melhor correção óptica, a acuidade visual permaneceu <0,3 em 19,0%. O exame refracional proporcionou melhora da acuidade visual para 27,9% dos indivíduos facectomizados. As causas de baixa visão foram os erros refrativos não corrigidos, opacidade de cápsula posterior (19,4%), ceratopatia bolhosa (8,3%) coriorretinite cicatricial (8,3%), afacia (8,3%), degeneração macular relacionada a idade (5,5%), leucoma (5,5%), glaucoma (5,5%), atrofia de papila (5,5,%), descolamento de retina (2,8%), atrofia de epitelio pigmentado da retina (2,8%) e alta miopia (2,8%). CONCLUSÃO: Apesar da catarata ser causa de cegueira que pode ser evitável, mesmo após a correção cirúrgica porcentagem expressiva de indivíduos permanece com baixa visão, em geral, em decorrência de fatores relacionados ao seguimento pós-operatório negligenciado.
PURPOSE: To determine the outcomes and causes of visual impairment and blindness in cataract-operated patients who are living in the central-western zone of São Paulo state. METHODS: A transversal, observational, systematic study was done involving patients inhabitants of five cities from a central-western zone of São Paulo state. The random sample was based on the Demographic Census Data (IBGE, 1995). All patients underwent to visual screening and complete eye examination. The individuals who had cataract-operated eyes were separated for the present study. The results were statistically analyzed by descriptive methods, frequency of occurrence and concordance proportion with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: At examination 2.37% of the subjects had cataract-operated eyes. of the 201 operated eyes 26.9% had visual acuity compatible with blindness or visual impairment. The visual acuity persisted <0.3 even with spetacles in 19% of the patients. Twenty-seven and 9% of the patients had visual acuity improved with refractive error correction. The main causes of poor vision were refractive error, posterior capsule opacification (19.4%), bullous keratophaty (8.3%), cicatricial chorioretinitis (8.3%), aphakic eyes (8.3%), age-related macular degeneration (5.5%), leukoma (5.5%), glaucoma (5.5%), optic atrophy (5.5%), retinal detachment (2.8%), retinal pigment epithelium atrophy (2.8%) and high myopia (2.8%). CONCLUSION: Cataract projects are effective in reducing preventable blindness caused by lens opacity. However, long-term scheduled evaluation of operated patients is necessary avoiding consequent blindness resulting from neglected follow-up.
PURPOSE: To determine the outcomes and causes of visual impairment and blindness in cataract-operated patients who are living in the central-western zone of São Paulo state. METHODS: A transversal, observational, systematic study was done involving patients inhabitants of five cities from a central-western zone of São Paulo state. The random sample was based on the Demographic Census Data (IBGE, 1995). All patients underwent to visual screening and complete eye examination. The individuals who had cataract-operated eyes were separated for the present study. The results were statistically analyzed by descriptive methods, frequency of occurrence and concordance proportion with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: At examination 2.37% of the subjects had cataract-operated eyes. of the 201 operated eyes 26.9% had visual acuity compatible with blindness or visual impairment. The visual acuity persisted <0.3 even with spetacles in 19% of the patients. Twenty-seven and 9% of the patients had visual acuity improved with refractive error correction. The main causes of poor vision were refractive error, posterior capsule opacification (19.4%), bullous keratophaty (8.3%), cicatricial chorioretinitis (8.3%), aphakic eyes (8.3%), age-related macular degeneration (5.5%), leukoma (5.5%), glaucoma (5.5%), optic atrophy (5.5%), retinal detachment (2.8%), retinal pigment epithelium atrophy (2.8%) and high myopia (2.8%). CONCLUSION: Cataract projects are effective in reducing preventable blindness caused by lens opacity. However, long-term scheduled evaluation of operated patients is necessary avoiding consequent blindness resulting from neglected follow-up.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Extração de catarata, Promoção da saúde, Cegueira, Baixa visão, Levantamentos demográficos, Serviços de saúde comunitária, Cataract extraction, Health promotion, Blindness, Vision, low, Populational surveys, Community health services
Como citar
Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia. Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia, v. 71, n. 1, p. 52-56, 2008.