Indução de resistência a Tomato severe rugose virus e Tomato chlorosis virus em tomateiro determinado
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Data
2016-02-18
Autores
Guimarães, Leysimar Ribeiro Pitzr [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Uma das principais causas da perda de produção do tomateiro ocorre devido à infecção precoce das plantas por vírus dos quais podemos destacar as espécies Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) e Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV). O controle de vírus é muito difícil, e diversas táticas podem ser utilizadas pelo produtor, dos quais podemos citar o uso de produtos químicos que causam efeitos fisiológicos secundários. Nesta linha o presente trabalho avaliou o efeito da aplicação de Piraclostrobina+Metiran (Cabrio Top®) na produção e qualidade de frutos de tomate em plantas infectadas por ToSRV e ToCV, em diferentes fases fenológicas do ciclo da cultura. O ToSRV também foi quantificado por qPCR nestas plantas. Dois experimentos foram realizados paralelamente, onde um recebeu um pré-tratamento pela aplicação de Piraclostrobina+Metiram (P+M) (3 g. l -1) (BASF) ® + Boscalida (0,3 g. l -1) (BASF) ® na bandeja após a semeadura e no outro as mudas de tomateiro não receberam nenhum produto. Os tratamentos foram constituídos da inoculação do vírus por Bemisia tabaci biótipo B aos 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 dias após o transplantio (DAT) com aplicação ou não de Piraclostrobina+Metiram (P + M) (4.0 g. l -1). O ToSRV foi detectado por RCA-PCR e qPCR e o ToCV por NESTED RT-PCR , além das caraterísticas de produção e qualidade de frutos terem sido avaliadas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que plantas infectadas após os 45 DAT são menos afetadas pela infecção de ToSRV e ToCV e a aplicação de P + M ao longo do ciclo da cultura trouxe benefícios ao tomateiro uma vez que características de produção e qualidade dos frutos foram menos afetadas. A replicação viral do ToSRV foi negativamente influenciada pela aplicação do P + M sugerindo um possível envolvimento de mecanismos de resistência da planta ao vírus induzidos pelo produto.
The early infection of plants by viruses such as the species of Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is one of the main causes of tomato yield loss. The virus control is very difficult and different approaches can be used by the growers against the viruses. The use of chemicals that cause secondary physiological effects is one example. Based on this information the present study evaluated the effect of applying Pyraclostrobin + Metiran (Cabrio Top®) on production and fruit quality of tomato plants infected by ToSRV and ToCV in different phenological phases of the crop cycle. The ToSRV was also quantified by qPCR in these plants. Two experiments were carried out in parallel, where one received a pretreatment by applying Pyraclostrobin + metiram (P + M) (3 g. L -1) (BASF) ® + Boscalida (0.3 g. L -1) (BASF ) ® in the tray after sowing and the other the tomato seedlings did not receive any product. The treatments consisted of virus inoculation by Bemisia tabaci biotype B at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 days after transplanting (DAT) with application or not of Pyraclostrobin + Metiram (P + M) (4.0 g. L -1). The ToSRV was detected by RCA-PCR and qPCR and ToCV by NESTED RT-PCR. In addition fruit production and quality characteristics were also evaluated. The results indicated that infected plants after 45 DAT are less affected by the infection of ToSRV and ToCV and application of P + M during the crop cycle brought benefits to the tomato, because production and fruit quality characteristics were less affected. Viral replication in ToSRV was negatively influenced by the application of P + M suggesting a possible involvement of plant resistance mechanisms to the virus induced by the product.
The early infection of plants by viruses such as the species of Tomato severe rugose virus (ToSRV) and Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) is one of the main causes of tomato yield loss. The virus control is very difficult and different approaches can be used by the growers against the viruses. The use of chemicals that cause secondary physiological effects is one example. Based on this information the present study evaluated the effect of applying Pyraclostrobin + Metiran (Cabrio Top®) on production and fruit quality of tomato plants infected by ToSRV and ToCV in different phenological phases of the crop cycle. The ToSRV was also quantified by qPCR in these plants. Two experiments were carried out in parallel, where one received a pretreatment by applying Pyraclostrobin + metiram (P + M) (3 g. L -1) (BASF) ® + Boscalida (0.3 g. L -1) (BASF ) ® in the tray after sowing and the other the tomato seedlings did not receive any product. The treatments consisted of virus inoculation by Bemisia tabaci biotype B at 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 days after transplanting (DAT) with application or not of Pyraclostrobin + Metiram (P + M) (4.0 g. L -1). The ToSRV was detected by RCA-PCR and qPCR and ToCV by NESTED RT-PCR. In addition fruit production and quality characteristics were also evaluated. The results indicated that infected plants after 45 DAT are less affected by the infection of ToSRV and ToCV and application of P + M during the crop cycle brought benefits to the tomato, because production and fruit quality characteristics were less affected. Viral replication in ToSRV was negatively influenced by the application of P + M suggesting a possible involvement of plant resistance mechanisms to the virus induced by the product.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Begomovirus, Crinivirus, Solanum lycopersicum, qPCR