Influência da suplementação de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) na ração sobre a remodelação cardíaca em ratos submetidos a infarto agudo do miocárdio
Carregando...
Data
2016-02-29
Autores
Figueiredo, Amanda de Menezes [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A remodelação cardíaca tem papel importante na disfunção ventricular pósinfarto. Alguns mecanismos como estresse oxidativo, metabolismo energético e processo inflamatório modulam este processo. Neste contexto, há interesse em utilizar alimentos naturais, com propriedades antioxidantes e anti-inflamatórias, destacando-se o açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart). Objetivo: Avaliar a influência da suplementação de açaí na ração sobre a remodelação cardíaca após o infarto do miocárdio (IM) em ratos. Métodos: Ratos Wistar machos, com peso entre 200-250g, foram submetidos ao infarto experimental ou à cirurgia simulada (Sham) e alocados em seis grupos após estudo ecocardiográfico, para verificar o tamanho do infarto: 1) grupo Sham alimentado com ração padrão (SA0, n=14); 2) grupo Sham alimentado com ração padrão suplementada com 2% de polpa de açaí pasteurizado (SA2, n=13); 3) grupo Sham alimentado com ração padrão suplementada com 5% de polpa de açaí pasteurizado (SA5, n=14); 4) grupo infartado alimentado com ração padrão (IA0, n=12); 5) grupo infartado, alimentado com ração padrão suplementada com 2% de polpa de açaí pasteurizado (IA2, n=12); 6) grupo infartado, alimentado com ração padrão suplementada com 5% de polpa de açaí pasteurizado (IA5, n=12). Os animais foram suplementados por três meses e foi observada a mortalidade. Após esse período, os animais foram submetidos à segunda avaliação ecocardiográfica e posteriormente à eutanásia e coleta de material biológico para realização das demais avaliações. Os dados foram apresentados como média ± erro padrão. As comparações foram feitas por teste ANOVA de duas vias, com nível de significância adotado de 5%. Resultados: infarto induziu alterações cardíacas morfológicas e funcionais (sistólicas e diastólicas), com hipertrofia do ventrículo, maior concentração de hidroperóxido de lipídeo e malondialdeído, maior atividade de superóxido dismutase, menor atividade da glutationa peroxidase e menor expressão de fator nuclear eritróide 2, menor atividade do complexo piruvato desidrogenase, de citrato sintase, do Complexo I e II da cadeia respiratória, da ATP sintase e de beta-hodroxiacil Coenzima A desidrogenase, maior atividade do lactato desidrogenase, maior concentração de interleucina-10, menor concentração de interferon gama, maior concentração de inibidor tecidual de metaloproteinase e maior expressão de colágeno I. Os animais infartados que receberam suplementação de polpa de açaí apresentaram menor concentração do malondialdeído e menor atividade de superóxido dismutase, maior atividade do complexo piruvato desidrogenase, de citrato sintase, do Complexo I da cadeia respiratória, de betahidroxiacil Coenzima A desidrogenase, menor atividade de ATP sintase, do lactato desidrogenase, menor concentração de interleucina-10 e de inibidor tecidual de metaloproteinase. Conclusão: A suplementação de polpa de açaí nos animais infartados atenuou o estresse oxidativo, melhorou o metabolismo energético e modulou o processo inflamatório no coração. A influência da suplementação de açaí foi dose dependente.
Cardiac remodeling plays a key role in post-infarction ventricular dysfunction. Some mechanism, such as oxidative stress, energy metabolism and inflammation can modulate this process. In this context, there is great interest in natural foods, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart). Objective: To analyze the influence of açaí supplementation in chow on cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats with 200-250 g, were submitted to the experimental infarction or simulated surgery and divided into six groups: 1) Sham group fed standard chow and not subjected to the IM (SA0, n=14); 2) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 2% açaí pulp pasteurized and not subjected to IM (SA2, n=13); 3) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí pulp pasteurized and not subjected to IM (SA5, n=14); 4) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow (IA0, n=12); 5) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with 2% açaí pulp pasteurized (IA2, n=12); 6) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí pulp pasteurized (IA5, n=12). The animals were supplemented for three months and observed mortality. After this period, the animals underwent echocardiography and subsequently euthanized and collecting biological material for other evaluations. The values were expressed as mean ± standard error. The comparisons were made by two-way ANOVA test with significance level of 5%. Results: Infarction induced heart morphological and functional changes (systolic and diastolic), ventricular hypertrophy, higher concentration of lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde, higher activity of superoxide dismutase, decrease glutathione peroxidase activity and lower expression of Nrf-2, decrease pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, citrate synthase, complex I and II, ATP synthase and β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activity, higher activity of lactate dehydrogenase, higher concentration of interleukin-10 and lower concentration of interferon gamma, higher concentration of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase and higher expression of collagen I. The infarcted animals that received açaí pulp supplementation decrease malondialdehyde concentration and decrease superoxide dismutase activity, higher activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, citrate synthase, complex I, β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase, decrease ATP synthase and lactate dehydrogenase activity, decrease interleukin-10 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase concentration. Conclusion: The supplementation with açaí pulp attenuated cardiac remodeling after infarction by acting on oxidative stress, energy metabolism, inflammation and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase in heart. The findings of this study also suggest that supplementation with açaí pulp appears to be dose dependent response.
Cardiac remodeling plays a key role in post-infarction ventricular dysfunction. Some mechanism, such as oxidative stress, energy metabolism and inflammation can modulate this process. In this context, there is great interest in natural foods, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart). Objective: To analyze the influence of açaí supplementation in chow on cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats. Methods: Male Wistar rats with 200-250 g, were submitted to the experimental infarction or simulated surgery and divided into six groups: 1) Sham group fed standard chow and not subjected to the IM (SA0, n=14); 2) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 2% açaí pulp pasteurized and not subjected to IM (SA2, n=13); 3) Sham group fed standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí pulp pasteurized and not subjected to IM (SA5, n=14); 4) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow (IA0, n=12); 5) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with 2% açaí pulp pasteurized (IA2, n=12); 6) group submitted to MI and fed standard chow supplemented with 5% açaí pulp pasteurized (IA5, n=12). The animals were supplemented for three months and observed mortality. After this period, the animals underwent echocardiography and subsequently euthanized and collecting biological material for other evaluations. The values were expressed as mean ± standard error. The comparisons were made by two-way ANOVA test with significance level of 5%. Results: Infarction induced heart morphological and functional changes (systolic and diastolic), ventricular hypertrophy, higher concentration of lipid hydroperoxide and malondialdehyde, higher activity of superoxide dismutase, decrease glutathione peroxidase activity and lower expression of Nrf-2, decrease pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, citrate synthase, complex I and II, ATP synthase and β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase activity, higher activity of lactate dehydrogenase, higher concentration of interleukin-10 and lower concentration of interferon gamma, higher concentration of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase and higher expression of collagen I. The infarcted animals that received açaí pulp supplementation decrease malondialdehyde concentration and decrease superoxide dismutase activity, higher activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, citrate synthase, complex I, β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase, decrease ATP synthase and lactate dehydrogenase activity, decrease interleukin-10 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase concentration. Conclusion: The supplementation with açaí pulp attenuated cardiac remodeling after infarction by acting on oxidative stress, energy metabolism, inflammation and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase in heart. The findings of this study also suggest that supplementation with açaí pulp appears to be dose dependent response.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Açaí, Infarto do miocárdio, Estresse oxidativo, Metabolismo energético, Inflamação, Myocardial infarction, Oxidative stress, Energy metabolism, Inflammation