A política brasileira de exportação de armas no contexto da revitalização da base industrial de defesa
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Data
2016-02-29
Autores
Magalhães, David Almstadter Mattar de [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Após o desmantelamento da indústria brasileira de defesa nos anos 1990, os Governos de Lula e Dilma lançaram mão de uma série de iniciativas para revitalizar o setor bélico nacional. Além dos programas de compras governamentais que visaram produzir um "choque de demanda", uma das mais importantes iniciativas para viabilizar o processo de revitalização da Base Industrial de Defesa consistiu na ampliação do mercado externo ao setor produtivo de armas, isto é, na reinserção da indústria bélica brasileira no oligopolizado mercado global de produtos de defesa. Em razão da insuficiente e flutuante demanda interna, a reorganização da indústria militar depende, portanto, do apoio prestado pelo Estado às exportações de armas, o qual pode produzir certos desdobramentos nas relações exteriores do Brasil. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho é examinar a política brasileira de exportação de armas no contexto da revitalização da Base Industrial de Defesa, compreendendo-a tanto na sua dimensão do controle das exportações materiais bélicos (a Política Nacional de Exportação de Materiais de Emprego Militar, PNEMEM) quanto nas iniciativas governamentais de promoção e inteligência comercial.
After the dismantling of the Brazilian defense industry in the 1990s, the governments of Lula and Dilma launched several initiatives to revitalize the military-productive sector. In addition to government procurement programs that aimed to produce a "demand shock", one of the most important initiatives to facilitate the process of revitalization of the Brazilian Defense Industrial Base was the expansion of foreign markets to the arms made in Brazil, ie, the reintegration of Brazilian arms industry in the concentrated global market of defense products. Because of the insufficient and erratic domestic demand, the reorganization of the military industry, therefore, depends on the support provided by the Government for arms exports, which can produce certain consequences in Brazilian foreign policy. The objective of this work is to examine the Brazilian policy on arms exports in the context of the revitalization of the Defense Industrial Base, understanding it both in its dimension of export control system (the National Policy of Arms Sales, PNEMEM) and in government initiatives of trade promotion.
After the dismantling of the Brazilian defense industry in the 1990s, the governments of Lula and Dilma launched several initiatives to revitalize the military-productive sector. In addition to government procurement programs that aimed to produce a "demand shock", one of the most important initiatives to facilitate the process of revitalization of the Brazilian Defense Industrial Base was the expansion of foreign markets to the arms made in Brazil, ie, the reintegration of Brazilian arms industry in the concentrated global market of defense products. Because of the insufficient and erratic domestic demand, the reorganization of the military industry, therefore, depends on the support provided by the Government for arms exports, which can produce certain consequences in Brazilian foreign policy. The objective of this work is to examine the Brazilian policy on arms exports in the context of the revitalization of the Defense Industrial Base, understanding it both in its dimension of export control system (the National Policy of Arms Sales, PNEMEM) and in government initiatives of trade promotion.
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Palavras-chave
PNEMEM, Defesa, Comércio de armas, Política externa, BID, Export policy, Defence industrial base, Foreign policy