Aplicação das técnicas de microscopia eletrônica de transmissão e histologia para análise de mixozoários parasitos de peixes do Rio Batalha, médio Rio Tietê, São Paulo, Brasil
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Data
2016-02-22
Autores
Vieira, Diego Henrique Mirandola Dias [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Mixozoários são metazoários parasitos obrigatórios principalmente de peixes, sendo alguns dos mais importantes patógenos desses hospedeiros. Existem cerca de 2200 espécies descritas para a classe Myxosporea, porém no Brasil os estudos ainda continuam escassos. Nesse estudo foram coletados peixes de diferentes espécies entre março de 2014 e agosto de 2015, para ser verificado a presença de mixozoários parasitos. Foram encontrados mixozoários do gênero Henneguya e Myxobolus parasitando peixes das ordens Characiformes e Siluriformes. Os parasitos coletados foram processados visando uma análise morfológica através de microscopia de luz, histopatologia e análise ultraestrutural, observando-se ainda a relação parasito-hospedeiro. Henneguya sp. 1 foi encontrado parasitando as brânquias de Astyanax altiparanae e Henneguya sp. 2 parasitando as brânquias de Leporinus friderici. Myxobolus prochilodus, Henneguya sp. 3 e Myxobolus sp. 1 foram encontrados parasitando as brânquias de Prochilodus lineatus causando deformações nas lamelas primárias dos peixes. Henneguya sp. 4 foi encontrada parasitando as brânquias de Cyphocharax modestus, causando uma junção das lamelas secundárias e diminuindo a área de respiração útil do peixe. A análise ultraestrutural permitiu a compreensão da interface parasito-hospedeiro. Também foram observados Henneguya guanduensis parasitando o intestino de Hoplosternum litoralle e Myxobolus sp. 2 parasitando o intestino de Rhamdia quelen. Myxobolus aureus foi encontrado parasitando as gônadas e o fígado de Salminus hilarii. A análise histopatológica indicou a infertilidade dos ovócitos afetados. Foram comparadas as medidas morfológicas dos parasitos encontrados e aqui nomeados como sp., com as já registradas na literatura e não foram encontradas espécies que se assemelhavam no tamanho. Concluiu-se que se tratam de espécies novas com a necessidade de análises moleculares para a confirmação do estudo.
Myxozoans are metazoan parasites mainly on fish, with some of the most important pathogens of these hosts. There are about 2,200 described species for Myxosporea class, but in Brazil the studies are still scarce. In this study fish of different species were collected between March 2014 and August 2015 to be verified the presence of myxozoans parasites. The genera of myxozoans found were Henneguya and Myxobolus parasitizing fish of Characiformes and Siluriformes orders. The parasites collected were processed aiming a morphological analysis by light microscopy, histopathology and ultrastructural analysis, observing the host-parasite relationship. Henneguya sp. 1 was found parasitizing the gills of Astyanax altiparanae and Henneguya sp. 2 parasitizing the gills of Leporinus friderici. Myxobolus lomi (Myxobolus prochilodus), Henneguya sp. 3 and Myxobolus sp. 1 were found parasitizing the gills of Prochilodus lineatus causing deformities in fish primary lamellae. Henneguya sp. 4 was found parasitizing the gills of Cyphocharax Modestus, causing a junction of secondary lamellae and decreasing the useful breathing area of the fish. The ultrastructural analysis allowed the understanding of parasite-host interface. Also were observed Henneguya guanduensis parasitizing the intestine of Hoplosternum litoralle and Myxobolus sp. 2 parasitizing the intestine of Rhamdia quelen. Myxobolus aureus was found parasitizing the gonads and liver of Salminus hilarii. Histopathological analysis indicated the infertility of the affected oocytes. Morphological measures of parasites found were compared with those reported in the literature and did not found species that were similar in size. It was concluded that these are new species with the necessity of molecular analysis to confirm the study.
Myxozoans are metazoan parasites mainly on fish, with some of the most important pathogens of these hosts. There are about 2,200 described species for Myxosporea class, but in Brazil the studies are still scarce. In this study fish of different species were collected between March 2014 and August 2015 to be verified the presence of myxozoans parasites. The genera of myxozoans found were Henneguya and Myxobolus parasitizing fish of Characiformes and Siluriformes orders. The parasites collected were processed aiming a morphological analysis by light microscopy, histopathology and ultrastructural analysis, observing the host-parasite relationship. Henneguya sp. 1 was found parasitizing the gills of Astyanax altiparanae and Henneguya sp. 2 parasitizing the gills of Leporinus friderici. Myxobolus lomi (Myxobolus prochilodus), Henneguya sp. 3 and Myxobolus sp. 1 were found parasitizing the gills of Prochilodus lineatus causing deformities in fish primary lamellae. Henneguya sp. 4 was found parasitizing the gills of Cyphocharax Modestus, causing a junction of secondary lamellae and decreasing the useful breathing area of the fish. The ultrastructural analysis allowed the understanding of parasite-host interface. Also were observed Henneguya guanduensis parasitizing the intestine of Hoplosternum litoralle and Myxobolus sp. 2 parasitizing the intestine of Rhamdia quelen. Myxobolus aureus was found parasitizing the gonads and liver of Salminus hilarii. Histopathological analysis indicated the infertility of the affected oocytes. Morphological measures of parasites found were compared with those reported in the literature and did not found species that were similar in size. It was concluded that these are new species with the necessity of molecular analysis to confirm the study.
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Palavras-chave
Characiformes, Henneguya, Myxobolus, Myxozoa, Siluriformes