Aspectos topográficos na dinâmica espaço-temporal do saldo de radiação
Data
2016-02-19
Autores
Filgueiras, Roberto [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Devido ao fato da morfologia do terreno influenciar nas medidas radiométricas obtidas por sensores orbitais, o presente estudo teve por objetivo geral, analisar a dinâmica espaçotemporal do saldo de radiação (Rn), na Fazenda Experimental Edgárdia (FEE) pertencente a Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas/ Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” FCA/UNESP, Botucatu-SP, levando-se em consideração a topografia da mesma, a qual apresenta relevo heterogêneo. Para essa análise foram processados dois métodos de correção topográfica, um que considera a superfície como um reflector lambertiano e outro não lambertiano. Para a estimativa do saldo de radiação, por meio das imagens orbitais, foi utilizada a metodologia do algoritmo SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land). Com intuito de avaliar a influência da topografia no cômputo do saldo de radiação, foram aplicadas três metodologias: sem correção topográfica (RnSem); correção cosseno (RnCos) e correção C (RnC). Essas metodologias foram aplicadas em 21 imagens da plataforma orbital Landsat-5/TM, durante os anos de 1985 a 2010. Após a correção das imagens, notou-se que as cenas correspondentes ao RnCos apresentaram sobrecorreção dos parâmetros para algumas porções das imagens, devido a essas regiões apresentarem ângulos de iluminação ( , em relação a normal da superfície, superiores a 69,62°, alcançando ângulos de até 76,11°, isto é, condições de pouca luminosidade. Devido à complexidade do relevo da FEE, a correção cosseno não foi eficaz na atenuação da influência topográfica. Já, para os valores de RnC, foi constatada uma redução média do desvio padrão de 5,97% das imagens sem correção, para as corrigidas pela correção C. Esse resultado foi atribuído como um indício da efetiva correção das cenas. Observou-se nas imagens RnSem da FEE que ocorreu uma tendência à valores elevados de saldo de radiação, de noroeste a sudeste dos mapas dos RnSem, região que encontrava-se sombreada. Essa tendenciosidade foi notoriamente reduzida nas imagens RnC, a qual foi uma comprovação qualitativa de que a correção C foi eficaz para atenuar os efeitos relativos a topografia da FEE para as imagens de saldo de radiação. Com o propósito de validar as estimações, os valores de saldo de radiação obtidos nas diferentes datas foram comparados, utilizando duas estações meteorológicas automáticas, os quais não apresentaram erros relativos maiores que 13,73%. Tais resultados evidenciam a importância da consideração do relevo, para atingir maiores precisões nas estimativas de parâmetros biofísicos com imagens orbitais e reiteram o potencial do SEBAL na estimativa de parâmetros relativos ao balanço de energia.
The measurements obtained by remote sensing are influenced by issues related to relief. Based on that, this study aim to analyze the spatial-temporal dynamic of net radiation (Rn), considering the influence of topographic parameters on it, for the experimental farm Edgárdia (FEE), belonging the FCA/UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. For this analysis it was processed two methodologies, one based in the Lambertian behavior, and the other in non- Lambertian behavior. For estimate the net radiation, by orbital images, it was utilized the metodology based on the SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) algorithm. In order to assess the topographic influence on the compute of net radiation, was applied three methodologies: without topographic correction (RnSem); cosine correction (RnCos) and C correction (RnC). These methodologies were applied on 21 images of the orbital platform Landsat-5/TM, during the years of 1985, until 2010. After the corrections of the images, it noticed that the scenes corresponding to the RnCos showed overcorrection of the parameters, in some areas of the FEE. This happened because these portions showed illumination angles, in relation to the normal of surface, bigger than 69.62°, reaching angles of 76.11°, ie, conditions of low illumination. Due to complex relief of the FEE, the cosine correction did not show effectiveness on the attenuation of topographic influence for the values of RnC, were noticed an average reduction of 5.97% for the standard deviation for the values of RnC, of the images that had been corrected by the C-correction. This result was assigned as indicative of the scenes correction. It was observed on the images of RnSem of FEE that, occurred a tendency of elevated values of net radiation, located of northwest until southeast of the maps of RnSem, shaded regions. This bias was attenuated on the images of RnC, which qualitatively proved the effectiveness of the Ccorrection, for the effects relief of FEE, on the net radiation images. With the purpose of validated these estimation, the net radiation values, obtained on the dates analyzed, were compared, utilizing two automatic meteorological stations. The results showed standard mean errors no bigger than 13.73%. These results show the importance of considering relief, to achieve higher accuracies on estimates of biophysical parameters with orbital images and confirm the potential of SEBAL in estimating parameters relating to energy balance.
The measurements obtained by remote sensing are influenced by issues related to relief. Based on that, this study aim to analyze the spatial-temporal dynamic of net radiation (Rn), considering the influence of topographic parameters on it, for the experimental farm Edgárdia (FEE), belonging the FCA/UNESP, Botucatu-SP, Brazil. For this analysis it was processed two methodologies, one based in the Lambertian behavior, and the other in non- Lambertian behavior. For estimate the net radiation, by orbital images, it was utilized the metodology based on the SEBAL (Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land) algorithm. In order to assess the topographic influence on the compute of net radiation, was applied three methodologies: without topographic correction (RnSem); cosine correction (RnCos) and C correction (RnC). These methodologies were applied on 21 images of the orbital platform Landsat-5/TM, during the years of 1985, until 2010. After the corrections of the images, it noticed that the scenes corresponding to the RnCos showed overcorrection of the parameters, in some areas of the FEE. This happened because these portions showed illumination angles, in relation to the normal of surface, bigger than 69.62°, reaching angles of 76.11°, ie, conditions of low illumination. Due to complex relief of the FEE, the cosine correction did not show effectiveness on the attenuation of topographic influence for the values of RnC, were noticed an average reduction of 5.97% for the standard deviation for the values of RnC, of the images that had been corrected by the C-correction. This result was assigned as indicative of the scenes correction. It was observed on the images of RnSem of FEE that, occurred a tendency of elevated values of net radiation, located of northwest until southeast of the maps of RnSem, shaded regions. This bias was attenuated on the images of RnC, which qualitatively proved the effectiveness of the Ccorrection, for the effects relief of FEE, on the net radiation images. With the purpose of validated these estimation, the net radiation values, obtained on the dates analyzed, were compared, utilizing two automatic meteorological stations. The results showed standard mean errors no bigger than 13.73%. These results show the importance of considering relief, to achieve higher accuracies on estimates of biophysical parameters with orbital images and confirm the potential of SEBAL in estimating parameters relating to energy balance.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
SEBAL, Correções topográficas, Parâmetros biofísicos, Sensoriamento remoto, Topographic correction, Biophysical parameters, Remote sensing