Transitando entre as políticas de assistência social e igualdade racial: produção e (re)produção da trama social dos negros
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Data
2016-03-30
Autores
Fogari, Maria Luisa da Costa [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A proposta deste estudo é apontar, utilizando-se de referenciais bibliográficos e pesquisa de campo, como ocorre a trama, a mobilidade dos negros urbanizados nas políticas de assistência social e a igualdade racial brasileira contemporânea. Estas inquietações foram justificadas pela intensificação e volume de casos em que muitos, em miséria extrema, são acometidos pelas injúrias e estigmas transmitidos no decorrer dos séculos, décadas e anos no Brasil. Destaca-se que nosso país não vislumbrou uma política que defrontasse com as condições precárias e vulneráveis em que os negros foram fadados. Neste contexto, naturalizou as fortes clemências e abstenções dos “recém-libertos”, que, além disso, passaram a ser considerados estorvos para esta nação, que não os colocou em cena. Assim, estes intérpretes da vida real, protagonizaram e protagonizam cenas num tecido social urbano em que os traços fenótipos ditam a regra do jogo. Nesse jogo de poder econômico, social, cultural e político, os afro-brasileiros são considerados apenas seres insignificantes, em que se promovem políticas públicas ineficazes e desrespeitosas. Para tal, iniciaram-se as seguintes interpelações: O que o Serviço Social tem a ver com isso? E a política de Assistência Social? E, especificamente, o assistente social, qual postura deverá assumir? Para tal, o objetivo geral, se definiu em: analisar a interface entre a política pública de Assistência Social e Igualdade Racial, avaliando como está estruturado o órgão responsável pela implementação/implantação destas ações em São Carlos (SP). A partir disso, definiu–se especificamente: identificar os projetos interventivos e ações socioeducativas existentes; verificar se os direitos sociais estão sendo efetivados; avaliar quais os órgãos públicos/privados e parcerias; analisar a perspectiva dos sujeitos da pesquisa quanto a importância da fusão das duas políticas públicas. Ora, o universo da pesquisa se constituiu pelos profissionais que atuam na Secretaria Municipal de Cidadania e Assistência Social, Divisão de Políticas de Promoção da Igualdade Racial da cidade de São Carlos (SP), tendo como amostra: servidores técnicos da Secretaria de Assistência Social e Cidadania e Divisão de Políticas de Promoção da Igualdade Racial, quatro assistentes sociais e cinco usuários de ambas as políticas. A coleta de dados com caráter qualitativo se consolidou por, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, que foram analisadas. Ao finalizar, notamos que a coreografia da vida cotidiana dos negros urbanizados ainda é ausente de um olhar que realmente os “libertem”, principalmente pela esfera federal, que não detém de costuras sociais e econômicas efetivas, transferindo unicamente os compromissos e andanças aos municípios, signatários da política pública de assistência social, definida segundo o mito da democracia racial, sendo que o negro urbanizado está aquém.
The purpose of this study is to point out, using bibliographic references and field research, how the plot, the mobility of urbanized black people and the Brazilian contemporary racial equality occur concerning the social service policies. These concerns were justified by the intensification and volume of cases of injuries and prejudice in which many black people, in extreme poverty, have been affected over the centuries, decades and years in Brazil. It is noteworthy that our country did not conceive a politic that could face the precarious and vulnerable conditions inherited by black people. In this context, the strong abstentions and mercies of the newly freed were naturalized; moreover, these people came to be considered hindrances to the nation, which did not put them in the scene. Thus, these interpreters of real-life acted and staged scenes in an urban social net in which phenotypic characteristics dictate the rules of the game. In this state of economic, social, cultural and political power, Afro-Brazilians are considered only insignificant beings, for whom, inefficacions and disrespectful public policies are created. To this purpose, the following questions aroused: What does social service has to do with it? And the Social Welfare Politic? And, respectively, which position should the social worker take? Having this in mind, the general goal was defined: analyze the interconnection between public politic Welfare and Racial Equality and evaluate how the responsible corporation for implementation / deployment of these actions was structured in São Carlos (SP). From this point on, it was defined specifically: identify interventional projects and existing social and educational activities; verify if social rights are being guaranteed; assess public/private departments and partnership; analyze the perspective of the research subjects in relation with the importance of merging the two public politics. Thus, the research universe was constituted of the professionals working actuate in the Municipal Citizenship and Social Assistance, Promotion Politic Division of Racial Equality of São Carlos (SP), with a sample: technical servers of the Department of Social Welfare and Citizenship and Promotion Politic Division of Racial Equality, four social workers and five users of both politics. The qualitative data collection was consolidated through semi-structured interviews that were analyzed. At the end, it was observed that the choreography of everyday life of the urbanized black people still lacks a look that really “free” them, especially the one of the federal area, which does not hold social and effective economic measures, only transferring the commitments to municipalities, signatories of social assistance public politics, based on the myth of racial democracy, in which urbanized black people are less.
The purpose of this study is to point out, using bibliographic references and field research, how the plot, the mobility of urbanized black people and the Brazilian contemporary racial equality occur concerning the social service policies. These concerns were justified by the intensification and volume of cases of injuries and prejudice in which many black people, in extreme poverty, have been affected over the centuries, decades and years in Brazil. It is noteworthy that our country did not conceive a politic that could face the precarious and vulnerable conditions inherited by black people. In this context, the strong abstentions and mercies of the newly freed were naturalized; moreover, these people came to be considered hindrances to the nation, which did not put them in the scene. Thus, these interpreters of real-life acted and staged scenes in an urban social net in which phenotypic characteristics dictate the rules of the game. In this state of economic, social, cultural and political power, Afro-Brazilians are considered only insignificant beings, for whom, inefficacions and disrespectful public policies are created. To this purpose, the following questions aroused: What does social service has to do with it? And the Social Welfare Politic? And, respectively, which position should the social worker take? Having this in mind, the general goal was defined: analyze the interconnection between public politic Welfare and Racial Equality and evaluate how the responsible corporation for implementation / deployment of these actions was structured in São Carlos (SP). From this point on, it was defined specifically: identify interventional projects and existing social and educational activities; verify if social rights are being guaranteed; assess public/private departments and partnership; analyze the perspective of the research subjects in relation with the importance of merging the two public politics. Thus, the research universe was constituted of the professionals working actuate in the Municipal Citizenship and Social Assistance, Promotion Politic Division of Racial Equality of São Carlos (SP), with a sample: technical servers of the Department of Social Welfare and Citizenship and Promotion Politic Division of Racial Equality, four social workers and five users of both politics. The qualitative data collection was consolidated through semi-structured interviews that were analyzed. At the end, it was observed that the choreography of everyday life of the urbanized black people still lacks a look that really “free” them, especially the one of the federal area, which does not hold social and effective economic measures, only transferring the commitments to municipalities, signatories of social assistance public politics, based on the myth of racial democracy, in which urbanized black people are less.
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Palavras-chave
Assistente social, Política de assistência social, Política de igualdade racial, Negros urbanizados, São Carlos, Social worker, Social service politic, Racial equality politic, Urbanized black people