Caracterização da lignina extraída de bagaço de variedades de cana-de-açúcar e desenvolvimento de eletrodo modificado
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Data
2016-06-08
Autores
Damaceno, Airton Juliano [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O Brasil é líder na produção de cana-de-açúcar e a cada ano o setor vem crescendo e buscando novas formas para diversificar a planta de produção. Tal fato que o nome da indústria evoluiu de sucroalcooleira para sucroenergéticas devido à importância da co-geração de energia a partir da queima do bagaço nas caldeiras. A bioeletricidade de cana-de açúcar caminha a passos constantes e segue com vários projetos pelo país, devido as usinas estarem próximas dos centro e distribuição/consumo. Outra empresa que busca esta diversificação da sua planta são as indústrias de papel e celulose, principalmente dos seus rejeitos (lignina). Este trabalho tem como objetivo extrair lignina diferentes variedades de cana-de-açúcar para identificar a variedade que tem melhor rendimento na extração da lignina e rendimento energético, comparar com o bagaço misto (mistura de várias variedades) e por fim desenvolver imunossensores por meio da reação entre antígenos e anticorpos sobre superfícies condutoras de nanografite a partir da mistura de lignina de bagaço de cana e lignina Kraft. A grande questão é a aplicação eletroquímica com o desenvolvimento de imunossensores devido a alta sensibilidade e principalmente pelo baixo custo e utilização em área clínica. A partir do presente estudo pode-se inferir que a variedade SP83-2847 possui o maior rendimento na extração da lignina, já em relação a perda calorífica a variedade SP84-1431 obteve o maior valor e a RB86-7515 o menor. Após a extração da lignina o bagaço resultante contento celulose e hemicelulose apresentou ser mais estável termicamente. As Técnicas de Raios-x e infravermelho confirmaram a extração da liginina, além de demostrar que existe resquício da fração de celulose e hemicelulose na lignina extraída e que o mesmo ocorre quando extraímos a lignina, uma fração fica na celulose. O eletrodo construído a partir do compósito nonografite-lignina kraft modificado com cobre apresentou atividade eletroquímica, estabilidade mecânica e eletroquímica.
Brazil is a leader in sugarcane production, growing each year and looking for new ways to diversify the plant production. By the way, the industries names evolved from sugar and alcohol to sugar and energy due to its importance in energy cogeneration from bagasse burning in boilers. The cane bioeletricity walks in constant steps and continues with various projects around the country, because the plants are close downtown and distribution and consumption centers. Another company seeking this diversification of the plant are the industries of pulp and paper especially its residues (lignin). This project aims to extract lignin from different varieties of sugarcane to identify the the best performer in the extraction and energy efficiency compared with the mixed bagasse sample (mixture of several varieties) and finally develop immunosensors through the reaction between antigens and antibodies on conductive nanographite surfaces from Kraft lignin and bagasse’s lignin mixture. The great question is the development of immunosensors due to high sensitivity and especially the applicability in the clinical area. From this study it can infer that the SP83-2847 variety has the highest extraction yield of lignin, as compared to loss heat the variety SP84-1431 obtained the highest value and the lowest was the RB86-7515. After lignin extraction, the resulting residue containing cellulose and hemicellulose showed to be more thermally stable. XRD and FTIR results confirmed lignin extraction and demonstrated that there is remnant cellulose and hemicellulose fraction of extracted lignin and the same occurs when we extract lignin, a fraction remains in cellulose. The electrode constructed from the composite kraft lignin-nonographite modified with copper showed electrochemical activity, mechanical stability and electrochemistry. These were applied to investigate uric acid in simulated blood plasma samples. For sure lignin is a byproduct that in near future will be a very promising and profitable raw materials in different industries.
Brazil is a leader in sugarcane production, growing each year and looking for new ways to diversify the plant production. By the way, the industries names evolved from sugar and alcohol to sugar and energy due to its importance in energy cogeneration from bagasse burning in boilers. The cane bioeletricity walks in constant steps and continues with various projects around the country, because the plants are close downtown and distribution and consumption centers. Another company seeking this diversification of the plant are the industries of pulp and paper especially its residues (lignin). This project aims to extract lignin from different varieties of sugarcane to identify the the best performer in the extraction and energy efficiency compared with the mixed bagasse sample (mixture of several varieties) and finally develop immunosensors through the reaction between antigens and antibodies on conductive nanographite surfaces from Kraft lignin and bagasse’s lignin mixture. The great question is the development of immunosensors due to high sensitivity and especially the applicability in the clinical area. From this study it can infer that the SP83-2847 variety has the highest extraction yield of lignin, as compared to loss heat the variety SP84-1431 obtained the highest value and the lowest was the RB86-7515. After lignin extraction, the resulting residue containing cellulose and hemicellulose showed to be more thermally stable. XRD and FTIR results confirmed lignin extraction and demonstrated that there is remnant cellulose and hemicellulose fraction of extracted lignin and the same occurs when we extract lignin, a fraction remains in cellulose. The electrode constructed from the composite kraft lignin-nonographite modified with copper showed electrochemical activity, mechanical stability and electrochemistry. These were applied to investigate uric acid in simulated blood plasma samples. For sure lignin is a byproduct that in near future will be a very promising and profitable raw materials in different industries.
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Palavras-chave
Lignina, Variedades de cana, Bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, Imunossensores, Análise térmica, Cogeração, Lignin, Sugarcane varieties, Bagasse sugarcane, Immunosensors, Thermal analysis, Cogeneration