Frequência cardíaca, lactato, custo líquido de transporte e energia metabólica de equinos de marcha batida ou picada da raça Mangalarga Marchador
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Data
2016-06-17
Autores
Lage, Jéssica [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Objetivou-se caracterizar a frequência cardíaca máxima (FCMÁX), a intensidade da prova de marcha oficial e comparar o custo de transporte (COT) e a energia metabólica (P) de equinos da raça Mangalarga Marchador (MM) de marcha picada (MP) ou batida (MB). Ao todo 22 equinos da raça MM participaram deste estudo. O experimento foi realizado em três fases: 1) teste de esforço máximo (TEM), 2) provas oficiais de marcha (POM) e 3) teste padronizado de marcha (TMP). Para caracterizar a FCMÁX, 19 equinos (14 de MB e 5 de MP) realizaram um TEM. Destes, 13 (9 de MB e 4 de MP) foram monitorados durante a POM que foi composta por 4 etapas: marcha, passo, prova funcional e estação. A média da FC de cada etapa da POM foi relacionada à FCMÁX para determinação da sua intensidade relativa. O TPM foi realizado com 14 equinos (9 de MB e 5 de MP), dos quais 11 já haviam participado das etapas anteriores. O COT e P foram calculados a partir dos valores de frequência cardíaca (FC) obtidos durante o TMP. Amostras sanguíneas foram coletadas para análise da concentração plasmática de lactato [Lac]. Aplicou-se o teste t de student e ANOVA de uma via seguida pelo teste Holm-Sidak (P<0,05). A FCMÁX média foi de 211±11 e 214±11 bpm para os grupos MB e MP, respectivamente, não havendo diferença (P>0,05) entre eles. A [Lac] aumentou em decorrência do TEM, sem diferença entre os grupos. Isto indicou que os grupos possuíam a mesma aptidão física. As etapas da POM definidas no nosso estudo diferiram quanto à intensidade relativa à FCMÁX, com exceção da prova funcional e da etapa de marcha, que foram semelhantes entre si (P>0,05). As POM da raça MM podem ser caracterizadas como um esforço de intensidade intermitente e submáxima. Ademais, os equinos de marcha picada se deslocaram com maior exigência energética.
This study aimed to characterize the maximum heart rate (HRMÁX), the intensity of the official marcha test (OMT) and compare the cost of transport (COT) and metabolic power (P) of Mangalarga Marchador (MM) horses of marcha batida (MB) and marcha picada (MP). Twenty-two MM horses participated in this study. The experiment was conducted in three phases: 1) maximal effort test (MET), 2) official marcha test (OMT) and 3) standardized walk test (SWT). To characterize the HRMÁX, 19 horses (14 MB and 5 MP) underwent a MET. Of these, 13 (9 MB and 4 MP) were monitored during the OWT that consisted of 4 stages: walk, marcha, functional test and rest. The average HR in each stage of OMT was correlated to the HRMÁX to determine their relative intensity. The SWT was performed with 14 horses (9 MB and 5 MP), of which 11 had already participated in the previous stages. The COT and P were calculated from the heart rate values (HR) obtained during the SWT. Blood samples were collected to analyze plasma lactate concentration [Lac]. Student t test and one-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak test (P <0.05) were used to analyze the results. The average HRMÁX was 211 ± 11 and 214 ± 11 bpm for the MB and MP groups, respectively, with no difference (P> 0.05) between them. The [Lac] increased as a result of MET, with no difference between groups. This indicated that horses of both groups had the same physical fitness levels. The OMT stages defined in our study differed regarding the relative intensity of HRMÁX, except for the functional test and walk stages, which were similar. The COT and P were higher in the MP group. The OMT of the MM breed can be characterized as an effort of intermittent and submaximal intensity. In addition, the displacement of the marcha batida horses was more energetically efficient.
This study aimed to characterize the maximum heart rate (HRMÁX), the intensity of the official marcha test (OMT) and compare the cost of transport (COT) and metabolic power (P) of Mangalarga Marchador (MM) horses of marcha batida (MB) and marcha picada (MP). Twenty-two MM horses participated in this study. The experiment was conducted in three phases: 1) maximal effort test (MET), 2) official marcha test (OMT) and 3) standardized walk test (SWT). To characterize the HRMÁX, 19 horses (14 MB and 5 MP) underwent a MET. Of these, 13 (9 MB and 4 MP) were monitored during the OWT that consisted of 4 stages: walk, marcha, functional test and rest. The average HR in each stage of OMT was correlated to the HRMÁX to determine their relative intensity. The SWT was performed with 14 horses (9 MB and 5 MP), of which 11 had already participated in the previous stages. The COT and P were calculated from the heart rate values (HR) obtained during the SWT. Blood samples were collected to analyze plasma lactate concentration [Lac]. Student t test and one-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Sidak test (P <0.05) were used to analyze the results. The average HRMÁX was 211 ± 11 and 214 ± 11 bpm for the MB and MP groups, respectively, with no difference (P> 0.05) between them. The [Lac] increased as a result of MET, with no difference between groups. This indicated that horses of both groups had the same physical fitness levels. The OMT stages defined in our study differed regarding the relative intensity of HRMÁX, except for the functional test and walk stages, which were similar. The COT and P were higher in the MP group. The OMT of the MM breed can be characterized as an effort of intermittent and submaximal intensity. In addition, the displacement of the marcha batida horses was more energetically efficient.
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Palavras-chave
Consumo de oxigênio, Demanda cardíaca, Equino, Exercício, Metabolismo energético, Oxygen consumption, Heart demand, Equine, Exercise