Efeito do milho Bt sobre artrópodes não alvo em safras consecutivas e em diferentes regiões produtoras
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Data
2016-08-01
Autores
Bortolin, Tarciso Morescalchi [UNESP]
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Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Estudos para avaliar o impacto de cultivos Bt em artrópodes não alvo, inclusive com a diminuição do uso de inseticidas, são necessários ao longo de safras consecutivas e nas diferentes regiões produtores do Brasil. Assim, foi feita análise da comunidade e uma análise da curva de resposta principal da abundância dos artrópodes não alvo em diferentes áreas produtoras para comparar o efeito do plantio de milho geneticamente modificado MON810 contendo a proteína Cry1Ab e do milho convencional. Essa comparação foi realizada em seis áreas produtoras de milho no Brasil (Araguari-MG, Campo Verde-MT, Dourados-MS, Luis Eduardo Magalhães-BA, Passo Fundo-RS), em amostragens com armadilha Pitfall (para os artrópodes da camada epígea), bandeja amarela (artrópodes da parte aérea) e com coletas de solo (artrópodes a 15 cm da superfície). As amostragens foram realizadas aos 30, 45 e 60 dias após a emergência em 3 safras consecutivas, 2010-2012. Os experimentos foram desenhados com delineamento em delineamento de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com 3 repetições. Os artrópodes coletados foram agrupados em grupos representativos e/ou importantes ecologicamente, sendo que a análise de distribuição do peso dos grupos mostrou que Araneae, Cicadellidae, Coccinellidae, Collembola, Doru luteipes, Dorymyrmex sp., Drosophilidae, Hemerobius sp., Mesostigamata, Mycetophilidae, Pheidole spp., Phoridae, Scarabaeidae, Solenopsis spp., Staphylinidae e Syrphidae foram mais abundantes no milho MON810 ao longo do período avaliado, enquanto que Aphididae, Apidae, Astylus variegatus, Carabidae, Chloropidae, Chrysomelidae, Coreidae, Diplopoda, Dolichopodidae, Euxesta spp., Ichneumonoidea, Nitidulidae, Oribatida, Pompilidae, Sarcophagidae, Sciaridae e Tachinidae foram mais abundantes no milho convencional. No entanto, a análise da principal curva resposta da abundância dos artrópodes não alvo não apresentaram nenhuma diferença significativa entre os milhos MON810 e convencional entre as safras. Deste modo, nas condições avaliadas, de quatro safras agrícolas consecutivas (2008/2009, 2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012), em seis regiões produtoras do Brasil, os artrópodes não alvo amostrados nos milhos MON810 e convencional foram muito próximos, sugerindo o não efeito da tecnologia Bt nesses artrópodes.
Studies to assess the impact of Bt crops on non-target arthropods, including decrease in the use of insecticides are necessary over consecutive seasons and in different producing regions of Brazil. Therefore, it was was performed a community and principal response curve analysis of the non target arthropods abundance in different producing areas to compare genetically modified MON810 expressing Cry1Ab protein and conventional maize. This comparison werecarried out in six maize producing sites in Brazil (Araguari-MG, Campo Verde-MT, Dourados-MS, Luis Eduardo Magalhães-BA, Passo Fundo-RS and Rolândia-PR) including assessments as Pitfall (to the epigean arthropods), yellow tray (to the flying arthropods) and soil samples (15 cm from surface arthropods). Samples were taken in 30, 45 e 60 days from emergence in the consecutive seasons, from 2010 to 2012. Experiments was design by completely ramdomized blocks with 3 repetitions. Arthropods collected was grouped in typical groups and/or ecologically important and the group distribution weight exibits that Araneae, Cicadellidae, Coccinellidae, Collembola, Doru luteipes, Dorymyrmex sp., Drosophilidae, Hemerobius sp., Mesostigamata, Mycetophilidae, Pheidole spp., Phoridae, Scarabaeidae, Solenopsis spp., Staphylinidae e Syrphidae were more abundant in MON810 maize over assessment while Aphididae, Apidae, Astylus variegatus, Carabidae, Chloropidae, Chrysomelidae, Coreidae, Diplopoda, Dolichopodidae, Euxesta spp., Ichneumonoidea, Nitidulidae, Oribatida, Pompilidae, Sarcophagidae, Sciaridae and Tachinidae were more abundant in conventional one. However, principal response curve analysis didn`t reveal any significative difference against between MON810 and Convencional maize. Thus, the evaluated conditions, four consecutive growing seasons (2008/2009, 2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012) in six producing regions of Brazil, the non-target arthropods sampled in MON810 and conventional maize were very close, suggesting no effect of Bt technology in these arthropods.
Studies to assess the impact of Bt crops on non-target arthropods, including decrease in the use of insecticides are necessary over consecutive seasons and in different producing regions of Brazil. Therefore, it was was performed a community and principal response curve analysis of the non target arthropods abundance in different producing areas to compare genetically modified MON810 expressing Cry1Ab protein and conventional maize. This comparison werecarried out in six maize producing sites in Brazil (Araguari-MG, Campo Verde-MT, Dourados-MS, Luis Eduardo Magalhães-BA, Passo Fundo-RS and Rolândia-PR) including assessments as Pitfall (to the epigean arthropods), yellow tray (to the flying arthropods) and soil samples (15 cm from surface arthropods). Samples were taken in 30, 45 e 60 days from emergence in the consecutive seasons, from 2010 to 2012. Experiments was design by completely ramdomized blocks with 3 repetitions. Arthropods collected was grouped in typical groups and/or ecologically important and the group distribution weight exibits that Araneae, Cicadellidae, Coccinellidae, Collembola, Doru luteipes, Dorymyrmex sp., Drosophilidae, Hemerobius sp., Mesostigamata, Mycetophilidae, Pheidole spp., Phoridae, Scarabaeidae, Solenopsis spp., Staphylinidae e Syrphidae were more abundant in MON810 maize over assessment while Aphididae, Apidae, Astylus variegatus, Carabidae, Chloropidae, Chrysomelidae, Coreidae, Diplopoda, Dolichopodidae, Euxesta spp., Ichneumonoidea, Nitidulidae, Oribatida, Pompilidae, Sarcophagidae, Sciaridae and Tachinidae were more abundant in conventional one. However, principal response curve analysis didn`t reveal any significative difference against between MON810 and Convencional maize. Thus, the evaluated conditions, four consecutive growing seasons (2008/2009, 2009/2010, 2010/2011, 2011/2012) in six producing regions of Brazil, the non-target arthropods sampled in MON810 and conventional maize were very close, suggesting no effect of Bt technology in these arthropods.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Cry1Ab, Principal response curve, Shannon diversity, Guild, MON810, Pitfall, Curva de resposta principal, Diversidade de Shannon, Guilda