Caracterização de juntas soldadas de Aços Carbono e Aços Inoxidáveis utilizando arame AWS E309L T1-1
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Data
2016-08-04
Autores
Cunha, Henrique Miguel [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
A aplicação do Arame Tubular E309L, nos processos de fabricação, apresenta grandes vantagens entre os consumíveis. Além de proporcionar propriedades mecânicas favoráveis à união por soldagem, esse consumível pode ser utilizado em aços carbono, aços inoxidáveis e dissimilares. Por essas razões, constantemente encontramos esse arame especificado nos procedimentos de soldagem nos setores fabris. Esse arame é também o mais utilizado na fabricação das novas turbinas de usinas hidrelétricas, como é o caso das turbinas Francis que estão sendo instaladas na Usina de Belo Monte localizado no rio Xingu em Altamira/PA. Este trabalho visou caracterizar o aço inoxidável Martensítico ASTM A743 CA6NM utilizado nas pás das turbinas hidráulicas, o aço inoxidável austenítico SA 316 e aço carbono A-36, ambos utilizados em equipamentos fabris em geral. Dessa forma, analisou-se o comportamento desses diferentes metais de base quando submetidos ao processo de união por soldagem utilizando o Arame Tubular E309L e proteção gasosa com a mistura C-25 (25% CO2 + 75% Argônio). Utilizou-se chapas dissimilares (Aço Carbono e Aço Inoxidável Austenítico) com 10 mm de espessura e chapas de aços inoxidáveis martensíticos com espessura de 6 mm, chanfros em “V”, ângulo de bisel de 30o, nariz e abertura de raiz de 3,0 mm. Foram estudados tanto o metal de solda quanto a zona termicamente afetada através de análises metalográficas, ensaios de tração, ensaios de impacto charpy e ensaios de dureza Vickers, nos quais foram possíveis verificar que a utilização do arame E309L T1-1 nas condições citadas foram satisfatórias, apresentando cordão de solda e ZTA com elevada resistência à tração, presença de microconstituintes como Bainita e ferrita delta, promovendo a ocorrência de elevada tenacidade nessas regiões.
Application of Shield Bright E309L in manufacturing processes, has high advantages among consumables. Besides providing mechanical properties favorable to joining by welding, the consumable can be used in carbon steels, stainless steels and dissimilar steels. For these reasons, constantly we find the E309L specified in the welding procedures used in industry today. This Shield Bright is also the most used in the manufacture of new turbines of hydroelectric power plants, as is the case of Francis turbine being installed in the Belo Monte Dam on the Xingu River located in Altamira / PA - Brazil. This study aimed to characterize the martensitic stainless steel ASTM A743 CA6NM used in the blades of hydraulic turbines, the austenitic stainless steel SA 316 and carbon steel A-36, both used in industrial equipment in general. Thus, we analyzed the behavior of these different base metals when subjected to the joining process by welding using the Shield Bright E309L and using a shielding gas of C-25 mixture (25% CO2 + 75% Argon). It was used dissimilar plates (carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel) with 10 mm steel thickness and martensitic stainless plates with a thickness of 6 mm, bevel groove “V” with angle of 30°, root face and root gap of 3,0 mm. We analyzed all regions of the metal plate through metallographic analysis, tensile tests, Charpy impact tests and Vickers hardness tests, in which they were possible to verify that the use of the Shield Bright E309L were satisfactory in the regions, featuring high tensile strength, presence of microconstituents (bainite and ferrite delta), providing high tenacity in these regions.
Application of Shield Bright E309L in manufacturing processes, has high advantages among consumables. Besides providing mechanical properties favorable to joining by welding, the consumable can be used in carbon steels, stainless steels and dissimilar steels. For these reasons, constantly we find the E309L specified in the welding procedures used in industry today. This Shield Bright is also the most used in the manufacture of new turbines of hydroelectric power plants, as is the case of Francis turbine being installed in the Belo Monte Dam on the Xingu River located in Altamira / PA - Brazil. This study aimed to characterize the martensitic stainless steel ASTM A743 CA6NM used in the blades of hydraulic turbines, the austenitic stainless steel SA 316 and carbon steel A-36, both used in industrial equipment in general. Thus, we analyzed the behavior of these different base metals when subjected to the joining process by welding using the Shield Bright E309L and using a shielding gas of C-25 mixture (25% CO2 + 75% Argon). It was used dissimilar plates (carbon steel and austenitic stainless steel) with 10 mm steel thickness and martensitic stainless plates with a thickness of 6 mm, bevel groove “V” with angle of 30°, root face and root gap of 3,0 mm. We analyzed all regions of the metal plate through metallographic analysis, tensile tests, Charpy impact tests and Vickers hardness tests, in which they were possible to verify that the use of the Shield Bright E309L were satisfactory in the regions, featuring high tensile strength, presence of microconstituents (bainite and ferrite delta), providing high tenacity in these regions.
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Palavras-chave
Arame tubular E 309L, Aços Inoxidáveis martensítico e austenítico, Aço carbono, Caracterização de juntas soldadas, Welding, Shield bright E309L Stainless steels martensitic and austenitic, Carbon steel, Characterization of welded joints