Acidentes com pescadores por peixes traumatizantes e peçonhentos no baixo curso do rio Tietê, Estado de São Paulo
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Data
2016-08-30
Autores
Moreira, Isleide Saraiva Rocha [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
INTRODUÇÃO: Acidentes causados por peixes peçonhentos provocam dor intensa e podem causar necrose no local do ferimento, como observado nas ferroadas de mandijubas (Pimelodus maculatus), surubins pintados (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) e arraias (Potamotrygon spp.). Os acidentes traumáticos com lacerações são causados por piranhas (Serrassalmus maculatus), traíras (Hoplias malabaricus), armaus (Pterodora spp.) e dourados (Salminus brasiliensis), enquanto corvinas (Plagioscon sp.) e tucunarés (Cichla spp.) provocam lesões traumáticas puntiformes. OBJETIVOS: Realizar um levantamento do número, das características clínicas e da identificação dos peixes em acidentes ocorridos em pescadores no baixo rio Tietê e a possível presença de arraias. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: Um estudo descritivo foi realizado por meio de um levantamento de acidentes por peixes traumáticos e peçonhentos em 40 pescadores de quatro municípios do terço final do rio Tietê, Estado de São Paulo: Itapura, Araçatuba, Santo Antônio do Aracanguá e Buritama. O estudo incluiu averiguação da presença de arraias fluviais nesta região, fato já descrito e pouco explorado, uma vez que envenenamentos por arraias causam acidentes graves e pouco conhecidos. RESULTADOS: A maioria dos pescadores não procurou assistência médica e tratou os ferimentos com ervas caseiras, pó de café, gasolina, urina e outros métodos populares. Uma grande proporção deles afirmou não ter realizado nenhum tratamento, enquanto outros se medicaram com aplicação de urina no ferimento. O tratamento inicial preconizado é imergir o local afetado em água quente por 30 – 90 minutos (cerca de 50ºC), promovendo vasodilatação e neutralização da peçonha, o que provoca alívio da dor. Nenhum dos pescadores conhecia este tratamento. Os pescadores da cidade de Buritama, Araçatuba e Santo Antônio do Aracanguá foram unânimes ao afirmar que não há arraias no rio Tietê e que estas existem apenas no rio Paraná. Entretanto, os pescadores da colônia de Itapura confirmam que existem arraias no terço final do rio Tietê desde a foz no rio Paraná. CONCLUSÕES: Com estes dados, concluímos que o pescador vê os acidentes e suas consequências como parte da sua profissão e não como eventos evitáveis, além de não ter conhecimento de medidas úteis para tratamento dos ferimentos ou prevenção destes.
INTRODUCTION: Injuries caused by venomous fish cause severe pain and can provoke skin necrosis in the wound site, as noted in stings provoked by mandijubas (Pimelodus maculatus), spotted surubins (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) and stingrays (Potamotrygon spp.). Traumatic accidents with lacerations are caused by piranhas (Serrassalmus maculatus) traíras (Hoplias malabaricus), armaus (Pterodora spp.) and dourados (Salminus brasiliensis). Corvinas (Plagioscion sp.) and peacock bass ou tucunarés (Cichla spp.) cause punctate traumatic injuries. OBJECTIVES: To carry out a survey on the number of clinical characteristics and fish identification in accidents involving fishermen in the lower river Tiete and the possible presence of stingrays. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted through a survey of accidents caused by traumatic and venomous fish in forty fishermen of four municipalities in the final third of the Tiete River, São Paulo State: Itapura, Araçatuba, Santo Antônio do Aracanguá and Buritama. The study included investigation of the presence of freshwater stingrays in the region, a fact already described and little explored, since envenomations by stingrays are severe and poorly studied. RESULTS: Most of the fishermen did not seek medical care and treated the wounds with herbs, coffee powder, gasoline, urine and other popular methods. A large proportion of them said they had not done any treatment, while others are medicated with urine application in the injury. The recommended initial treatment is to immerse the affected area in warm water for 30-90 minutes (about 50 ° C), promoting vasodilatation and neutralize the venom, which causes pain relief. None of the fishermen knew this treatment. The fishermen of Buritama, Araçatuba and Santo Antônio do Aracanguá were unanimous in stating that there are no stingrays in the Tiete river and that these exist only in the Parana River. However, fishermen Itapura colony confirm that there are stingrays in the final third of the Tiete River from the mouth of the Paraná River. CONCLUSIONS: With these data, we conclude that the fisherman sees accidents and their consequences as part of their profession and not as preventable events, and have no knowledge of appropriate measures for treatment of injuries or preventing these.
INTRODUCTION: Injuries caused by venomous fish cause severe pain and can provoke skin necrosis in the wound site, as noted in stings provoked by mandijubas (Pimelodus maculatus), spotted surubins (Pseudoplatystoma corruscans) and stingrays (Potamotrygon spp.). Traumatic accidents with lacerations are caused by piranhas (Serrassalmus maculatus) traíras (Hoplias malabaricus), armaus (Pterodora spp.) and dourados (Salminus brasiliensis). Corvinas (Plagioscion sp.) and peacock bass ou tucunarés (Cichla spp.) cause punctate traumatic injuries. OBJECTIVES: To carry out a survey on the number of clinical characteristics and fish identification in accidents involving fishermen in the lower river Tiete and the possible presence of stingrays. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive study was conducted through a survey of accidents caused by traumatic and venomous fish in forty fishermen of four municipalities in the final third of the Tiete River, São Paulo State: Itapura, Araçatuba, Santo Antônio do Aracanguá and Buritama. The study included investigation of the presence of freshwater stingrays in the region, a fact already described and little explored, since envenomations by stingrays are severe and poorly studied. RESULTS: Most of the fishermen did not seek medical care and treated the wounds with herbs, coffee powder, gasoline, urine and other popular methods. A large proportion of them said they had not done any treatment, while others are medicated with urine application in the injury. The recommended initial treatment is to immerse the affected area in warm water for 30-90 minutes (about 50 ° C), promoting vasodilatation and neutralize the venom, which causes pain relief. None of the fishermen knew this treatment. The fishermen of Buritama, Araçatuba and Santo Antônio do Aracanguá were unanimous in stating that there are no stingrays in the Tiete river and that these exist only in the Parana River. However, fishermen Itapura colony confirm that there are stingrays in the final third of the Tiete River from the mouth of the Paraná River. CONCLUSIONS: With these data, we conclude that the fisherman sees accidents and their consequences as part of their profession and not as preventable events, and have no knowledge of appropriate measures for treatment of injuries or preventing these.
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Palavras-chave
Animais peçonhentos, Arraias, Rios, Saúde coletiva, Animals poisonous, Skates (fish), Rivers, Public health