Avaliação geoecológica aplicada à ordenação ambiental da paisagem marinho-costeira: caso da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Purio Província dos Santos - Panamá
Carregando...
Arquivos
Data
2016-09-06
Autores
Solís, Jaime Alberto Rivera [UNESP]
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Dentre as concepções metodológicas desenvolvidas para estudos integrados do meio ambiente, sobressai a teoria geoecológica, concebida, inicialmente, como Ecologia da Paisagem, a qual fundamenta-se nos estudos da associação dos seres vivos (biocenoses) com seu espaço natural (paisagem). Além disso, tendo em vista a planificação da paisagem e a proteção da natureza, a visão geoecológica incorpora a análise dos componentes socioeconômicos e socioculturais modificadores da paisagem (fator antrópico). Desse modo, a pesquisa aborda a problemática do uso insustentável da paisagem marinho-costeira, enfatizando a necessidade de reconhecer o espaço natural que caracteriza a faixa marinho-costeira, através do estudo dos recursos hidrobiológicos marinhos e dos ecossistemas litorâneos. Assim, com base nas inquietudes manifestadas pelos moradores das comunidades tradicionais de La Concepción, La Laguna, Purio e Mariabé, a área de estudo situa-se na bacia hidrográfica baixa do rio Purio (ao sul do Panamá), na qual localiza-se a unidade de gestão ambiental (a faixa marinho-costeira). A tese teve como objetivo geral aplicar a avaliação geoecológica da paisagem, fundamentada na proposta metodológica de Rodríguez (2012), procurando avaliar o grau de sustentabilidade ambiental da paisagem marinho-costeira, e justificar a proposta de zoneamento ambiental. Além disso, a pesquisa se respaldou na teoria Geoecológica de Troll (1963, 1973), nos princípios metodológicos da classificação Geoecológica da Paisagem a nível local, segundo Rodriguez, Silva e Cavalcanti (2004, 2007, 2010) e nas recomendações de Cavalcanti e Viadana (2007) sobre a análise da paisagem para a organização do espaço geográfico. Consequentemente, baseados no zoneamento funcional da paisagem, e por meio do trabalho de campo (conjuntamente com os líderes comunitários), foi possível pesquisar os principais processos geoecológicos degradantes, e delimitar as unidades geoecológicas na faixa litorânea, considerando os fatores paisagísticos de cunho ecológico e antrópico. Além disso, a determinação das unidades geomorfológicas geradas a partir dos dados SRTM se mostraram fundamentais para a realização do mapeamento das unidades geoecológicas na costa. Finalmente, os resultados evidenciaram que a avaliação geoecológica da paisagem possibilita as regulamentações para o desenvolvimento das atividades econômicas e da proteção ambiental, decisões que, por conseguinte, contribuem para melhorar a qualidade de vida das comunidades locais.
Among the methodological conceptions developed for integrated studies of the environment stands out the Geoecological theory, conceived initially like Ecology of the Landscape which bases in the studies of the association of the living beings (biocenose) with its natural space (landscape). Besides that, with regard to the planning of the landscape and the protection of nature, the geoecological vision incorporates the analysis of the socioeconomic and sociocultural components that modify the landscape (anthropic factor). In this way, the investigation tackles the problematic of the not sustainable use of the coastal landscape emphasizing the need to identify the natural space that characterizes the coastal marine band through the study of the marine hydrobiological resources and of the seaboards ecosystems. Like this, with base in the interests manifested by the inhabitants of the traditional communities of La Concepción, La Laguna, Purio and Mariabé; the area of study located in the low watershed of the river Purio (south of Panama), in which it locates the unit of environmental management (the coastal marine band). The thesis aimed to apply the geoecological evaluation of the landscape, based in the methodological proposal of Rodriguez (2012), it evaluates the degree of environmental sustainable of the coastal marine landscape, and justify the proposal of environmental zoning. Besides that, the investigation backed Trollʼs (1963; 1973) geoecological theory, in the methodological principles of the geoecological classification of the landscape at local level; according to Rodriguez, Silva and Cavalcanti (2004; 2007; 2010) and it follows the recommendations of Cavalcanti and Viadana (2007) on the analysis of the landscape for the organization of the geographic space. Consequently, based in the functional zoning of the landscape and by means of the work of field (jointly with the community leaders) was possible to investigate the main degrading geoecological processes, and delimiting the geoecological units in the seaboard band considering the ecological and anthropic elements of the landscape origin. Besides that, the determination of the geomorphological units generated from the data SRTM showed to be fundamental for the realization of the mapping of geoecological units in the coast. Finally, the results show that the geoecological evaluation of the landscape makes possible the creation of regulations and laws for the development of the economic activities as well as those for the environmental protection, decisions that, contribute to improve the quality of life of the local communities.
Among the methodological conceptions developed for integrated studies of the environment stands out the Geoecological theory, conceived initially like Ecology of the Landscape which bases in the studies of the association of the living beings (biocenose) with its natural space (landscape). Besides that, with regard to the planning of the landscape and the protection of nature, the geoecological vision incorporates the analysis of the socioeconomic and sociocultural components that modify the landscape (anthropic factor). In this way, the investigation tackles the problematic of the not sustainable use of the coastal landscape emphasizing the need to identify the natural space that characterizes the coastal marine band through the study of the marine hydrobiological resources and of the seaboards ecosystems. Like this, with base in the interests manifested by the inhabitants of the traditional communities of La Concepción, La Laguna, Purio and Mariabé; the area of study located in the low watershed of the river Purio (south of Panama), in which it locates the unit of environmental management (the coastal marine band). The thesis aimed to apply the geoecological evaluation of the landscape, based in the methodological proposal of Rodriguez (2012), it evaluates the degree of environmental sustainable of the coastal marine landscape, and justify the proposal of environmental zoning. Besides that, the investigation backed Trollʼs (1963; 1973) geoecological theory, in the methodological principles of the geoecological classification of the landscape at local level; according to Rodriguez, Silva and Cavalcanti (2004; 2007; 2010) and it follows the recommendations of Cavalcanti and Viadana (2007) on the analysis of the landscape for the organization of the geographic space. Consequently, based in the functional zoning of the landscape and by means of the work of field (jointly with the community leaders) was possible to investigate the main degrading geoecological processes, and delimiting the geoecological units in the seaboard band considering the ecological and anthropic elements of the landscape origin. Besides that, the determination of the geomorphological units generated from the data SRTM showed to be fundamental for the realization of the mapping of geoecological units in the coast. Finally, the results show that the geoecological evaluation of the landscape makes possible the creation of regulations and laws for the development of the economic activities as well as those for the environmental protection, decisions that, contribute to improve the quality of life of the local communities.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Geoecologia, Sustentabilidade Ambiental, Faixa Litorânea, Zoneamento Ambiental, Paisagem Marinho-Costeira, Geoecology, Environmental sustainability, Coastal marine landscape, Seaboard, Environmental zoning