Interferência de mucuna-preta no crescimento inicial da cana-de-açúcar
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Data
2016-06-16
Autores
Jayme Neto, Nelson [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os efeitos da interferência da mucuna-preta no crescimento inicial de plantas de cana-de-açúcar, cultivar RB966928. O experimento foi conduzido em caixa de cimento com capacidade de 125L, preenchidas com substrato de um solo coletado da camada arável de um Latossolo Vermelho Escuro, e foi constituído por cinco tratamentos: (i) monocultivo da cana-de-açúcar, (ii) monocultivo da mucuna-preta, (iii) cultivo da cana-de-açúcar em convivência com a mucuna-preta em caixas separadas e agrupadas, (iv) cultivo da cana-de-açúcar em convivência com a mucuna-preta em caixas se comunicando e (v) cultivo da cana-de-açúcar em convivência com a mucuna-preta em caixas se comunicando, sem que a mucuna-preta entre em contato com a cana. Para o plantio da cana utilizou-se um fragmento do colmo (tolete) com três gemas aparentemente sadias e para a mucuna-preta foram utilizadas quatro plântulas por caixa, equivalente a 16 plantas m-2. O delineamento experimental adotado foi o de blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos e sete repetições. As plantas de cana-de-açúcar foram avaliadas quanto à altura e o diâmetro do colmo principal. aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após o transplante (DAT) da mucuna-preta para as caixas. A avaliação final foi estabelecida aos 120 dias após o plantio da cana-de-açúcar, correspondendo a 90 DAT da mucuna-preta quando se avaliou a massa seca das folhas, dos colmos, área foliar e numero de perfilhos da cana-de-açúcar e a massa seca da parte aérea e a área foliar da mucuna-preta. Todos os dados foram submetidos á analise de variância pelo teste F, sendo as médias comparadas pelo texto de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. A altura e o diâmetro do colmo principal da cana-de-açúcar não foram afetados pelas situações de convivência com a mucuna-preta até os 90 DAT. O acúmulo da massa seca da parte aérea da mucuna-preta foi maior no tratamento sem a presença da cana de açúcar, o mesmo foi observado na análise de área foliar. Para a cana-de-açúcar, em todos os tratamentos, tanto com a presença quanto com a ausência da mucuna-preta em caixas se comunicando ou isoladas não houve interferência da mucuna-preta nas características de área foliar, no acúmulo de massa seca das folhas na dos colmos e no número de perfilhos.
This work aims to evaluate the effects of velvet bean interference upon the initial growth of sugarcane plants, RB 966928 cultivar. The experiment was conducted in cement boxes with 125L capacity filled with a substratum composed of the arable part of an oxisol and consisted of five treatments: (i) sugarcane monoculture; (ii) velvet bean monoculture; (iii) sugarcane and velvet bean coexisting in separate boxes; (iv) sugarcane and velvet bean coexisting in united boxes; and (v) sugarcane and velvet bean coexisting but not contacting each other in united boxes. For sugarcane planting, a stem part (stalk cutting) with three apparently healthy buds were used and for velvet bean four seedlings were used per box, which stands for 16 plants m-2 . Experimental design was of random block design and had five treatments and seven replications. Sugarcane plants were evaluated on height and main stalk diameter at 30, 60 and 90 days after transplantation (DAT) of velvet bean to the parcels.The final evaluation occurred at 120 days after planting the sugarcane, which stands for 90 DAT of velvet bean, when it was evaluated also dry matter of leaves, stalks, leaf area and number of lateral shoots for sugarcane and dry matter of aerial parts and leaf area for velvet bean. All data was submitted to analysis of variance through F test, being the means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. Height and diameter of main stalk were not affected by coexistence treatments with velvet bean until 90 DAT. Dry matter accumulation of velvet bean was higher on the monoculture treatment and the same was observed in leaf area analisys. Regarding sugarcane, in no treatment, as well as coexisting or not with velvet bean or being in separated or united boxes, the foliar area, dry matter accumulation of leaves and stalk or lateral shoot number was affected.
This work aims to evaluate the effects of velvet bean interference upon the initial growth of sugarcane plants, RB 966928 cultivar. The experiment was conducted in cement boxes with 125L capacity filled with a substratum composed of the arable part of an oxisol and consisted of five treatments: (i) sugarcane monoculture; (ii) velvet bean monoculture; (iii) sugarcane and velvet bean coexisting in separate boxes; (iv) sugarcane and velvet bean coexisting in united boxes; and (v) sugarcane and velvet bean coexisting but not contacting each other in united boxes. For sugarcane planting, a stem part (stalk cutting) with three apparently healthy buds were used and for velvet bean four seedlings were used per box, which stands for 16 plants m-2 . Experimental design was of random block design and had five treatments and seven replications. Sugarcane plants were evaluated on height and main stalk diameter at 30, 60 and 90 days after transplantation (DAT) of velvet bean to the parcels.The final evaluation occurred at 120 days after planting the sugarcane, which stands for 90 DAT of velvet bean, when it was evaluated also dry matter of leaves, stalks, leaf area and number of lateral shoots for sugarcane and dry matter of aerial parts and leaf area for velvet bean. All data was submitted to analysis of variance through F test, being the means compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. Height and diameter of main stalk were not affected by coexistence treatments with velvet bean until 90 DAT. Dry matter accumulation of velvet bean was higher on the monoculture treatment and the same was observed in leaf area analisys. Regarding sugarcane, in no treatment, as well as coexisting or not with velvet bean or being in separated or united boxes, the foliar area, dry matter accumulation of leaves and stalk or lateral shoot number was affected.
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Palavras-chave
Mucuna aterrima, Saccharum spp, Competição, Mucuna aterrima, Sccharum spp, Competition