Densidades de plantio e doses de potássio em abacaxizeiro Pérola sob irrigação
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Data
2016-08-19
Autores
Bueno, Juliana Azevedo Ruggiero [UNESP]
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Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
Resumo
O plantio de abacaxi no Brasil é direcionado para o consumo in natura. Produzido principalmente no Norte e Nordeste, as variedades mais plantadas é o Pérola (com mais de 80% da área produzida) e o Smooth Cayenne. Este estudo evidenciou o efeito de diferentes densidades e doses de potássio na planta e no fruto de abacaxi Pérola em sistema irrigado, no Tocantins. O delineamento fez-se em blocos casualizados com parcelas subdivididas com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos principais constitui-se das doses de K (0, 8, 16 24 e 32 g planta - 1 de K2O) e os tratamentos secundários compostos das densidades de plantio que diferenciaram o espaçamento de plantas na mesma linha (30, 40, 50 e 60 cm). O plantio foi realizado em linhas duplas utilizando irrigação por gotejamento e as adubações de K executadas por fertirrigação. Avaliou- se a folha “D” do abacaxizeiro (comprimento, massa fresca da folha, composição mineral) e dos frutos (massa fresca com coroa, sem coroa e produtividade). Verificou-se que a folha “D” estava acima de 90 g e com mais de 100 cm, após 10 meses do plantio, estando apta a indução floral, concluindo-se que os tratamentos não interferiram no desenvolvimento do abacaxizeiro. Na avaliação química da folha “D”, houve significância na concentração de K, conforme se aumentou a dose de K no solo. Assim, as doses de K influenciaram na massa fresca do fruto sem coroa. As diferentes densidades influenciaram na massa fresca do fruto com e sem coroa e na produtividade. Portanto na variedade Pérola pode ter o adensamento utilizado até 41 mil plantas ha- 1, sem alterar a principal característica almejada, como também, frutos acima de 1.500 g, com a utilização de 8 g planta - 1de K2O, via fertirrigação, para a produção de frutos acima de 1.500 g.
The pineapple planting in Brazil is destined for fresh consumption. Produced mainly in the North and Northeast, the most planted varieties is the Pérola (with over 80% of the area produced) and the Smooth Cayenne. This study showed the effect of different densities and potassium levels in plant and pineapple fruit (Pérola) in the irrigation system in the Tocantins. The project was done in blocks with parcels subdivided design with four replications. The main treatments are K doses (0, 8, 16 24 and 32 g plant - 1 K2O) and compound secondary treatments of population densities that differentiated the spacing between plants on the same line (30, 40, 50 and 60 cm). The seedlings were planted in double rows using drip irrigation and fertilization of K performed by fertigation. Was evaluated sheet "D" pineapple (length, fresh weight of leaf mineral composition) and fruit (fresh pasta with the crown without crown and productivity). It was found that the "D" sheet was above 90 g and over 100 cm after 10 months of planting, before floral induction, concluding that the treatments did not affect the development of pineapple. In the chemical evaluation of "D" sheet had a significant concentration of K with increasing dose of K in the soil. Thus, the amount of K influences the fresh weight of fruit without a crown. The different densities influenced the mass of fresh fruits with and without crown and productivity. Therefore, the range Pérola can be used for densification up to 41,000 plants ha-1 without altering the desired main characteristic as well as obtaining fruit above 1500 g using 8 g plant - 1of K2O fertigation.
The pineapple planting in Brazil is destined for fresh consumption. Produced mainly in the North and Northeast, the most planted varieties is the Pérola (with over 80% of the area produced) and the Smooth Cayenne. This study showed the effect of different densities and potassium levels in plant and pineapple fruit (Pérola) in the irrigation system in the Tocantins. The project was done in blocks with parcels subdivided design with four replications. The main treatments are K doses (0, 8, 16 24 and 32 g plant - 1 K2O) and compound secondary treatments of population densities that differentiated the spacing between plants on the same line (30, 40, 50 and 60 cm). The seedlings were planted in double rows using drip irrigation and fertilization of K performed by fertigation. Was evaluated sheet "D" pineapple (length, fresh weight of leaf mineral composition) and fruit (fresh pasta with the crown without crown and productivity). It was found that the "D" sheet was above 90 g and over 100 cm after 10 months of planting, before floral induction, concluding that the treatments did not affect the development of pineapple. In the chemical evaluation of "D" sheet had a significant concentration of K with increasing dose of K in the soil. Thus, the amount of K influences the fresh weight of fruit without a crown. The different densities influenced the mass of fresh fruits with and without crown and productivity. Therefore, the range Pérola can be used for densification up to 41,000 plants ha-1 without altering the desired main characteristic as well as obtaining fruit above 1500 g using 8 g plant - 1of K2O fertigation.
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Palavras-chave
Ananas comosus L, Espaçamento, Fertirrigação, Potássica, Fertigation, Potassic, Spacing